hearing

  1. psychoacoustics
    • study of sound perception
    • how perception and sound effect each other
  2. psychophysics
    • deals with the relationships between stimuli and sensations
    • how perception and stimuli effect each other
  3. puretones
    • are building blocks
    • they can vary along frequency, intensity, phase, temporal pattern, and location
  4. absolute sensitivity threshold
    • softest you can hear for a specified sound
    • usually pure tone in dBSPL
    • usually 0 dBSPL
  5. threshold
    • all or none phenomenon
    • nerves have action potentials that are all or none
    • ASHA threshold 2/3 = 66.66% lowest you can hear
  6. SS Stevens Quantum Theory of Threshold
    • theory on barrier
    • hear it or not
    • predicts that threshold is barrier
    • not correct : not a barrier
    • neurons had a probabilistic firing pattern so you don't always get the same response
  7. Listener Uncertainty
    • listener can't figure out
    • guessing if tone was there
    • instructions cause different results (raise if you think there was a tone vs only if you're sure)
  8. Method of Adjustment
    • a method to measure threshold
    • easiest fastest
    • listener is in charge of what level, they turn the knob until they can not hear
    • start from high to low and do a few times and average it
    • the listener knows best what they can hear
    • problem: difficult to remove physical cues and honesty
  9. Constant Stimuli
    • a method to measure threshold
    • give ten tones at 20 30 25 40 etc. and get the psychometric function
    • give block of trials and plot percent correct
    • can use this for tone difference and others
    • listener says yes or no
    • better experimenter control
    • slow and spend a lot of time collecting data don't need
  10. Defined listening interval
    • sometimes listener will raise hand when there is no tone
    • light on tone or no tone: yes or no response
    • see what they do in catch trials
  11. Response Matrix
    • hit : yes signal and yes response
    • correct rejection: no signal and no response
    • false alarm: no signal and yes response (quantifies guessing)
    • miss: signal and no response
  12. "noise" in system
    • this is variability and randomness
    • these can be spontaneous firing, probabilistic firing, and imagining tones (random perceptions)
  13. signal detection theory
    how far apart the signals are = how well the ear can discriminate between the two
  14. Forced Choice Procedure
    • light goes on twice, tone only in one randomized
    • have to pick one or two- which had tone?
    • forced- make them answer
    • control response- miss (false alarm) and hit (correct rejection)
  15. MAF
    • minimum audible field
    • sensitive region 500-8,000 Hz
    • look at MAF curve
  16. Standards
    • US did average in wisconsin
    • Europe did what is normal
  17. suprathreshold
    above the threshold
  18. pitch
    • subjective aspet of frequency
    • musical sensation
    • pitch- -> frequency -ratios
    • pitch system based on ratio
    • not linear
    • Depends on: frequency and intensity
Author
anastasia611
ID
51857
Card Set
hearing
Description
final exam
Updated