CH 11 P/P/Hs

a reported sensory experience for which no sensory input exsits

are one of the more striking symptoms associated with such drugs, many authors refer to this class of drug as ....

psychosismimicking

psychosis generating

for mind expanding mind manifesting mind clarifying or mind revealing

whose molecular structure and biochemical activity suggest that their effects are mediated by alteration in the activity of 5-HT DA and NE in the CNS

derivaties of Cannabis sativa (marijuana) plant or synthetic analogues

block ACH activity in the brain

are analgesic/anesthetic drugs with P/P/H effects

P/P/H drug with pharmacological properties so unique that it does not fit into any of the four classes but shares some properties with at least two of them

list the 4 main classes of P/P/Hs

most of these drugs grain their reinforcing values for humans because of their ability to ........ (rather than exerting effects on the primary reward centers of the brain)

research on most of the P/P/Hs over the last 3 decades particularly with humans has been limited primarily due to ..............( 2 things ) for this type of reseach

furthermore, since many of these substances are classified as ......drugs researchers have to apply special DEA licence to conduct research with them

Examples of Monoamine related P/P/Hs

love drug

MDA

ecstasy

MDMA

LSD is a derivative of ..... which is present in bread blighted by ..... producing fungi and produces a wide variety of neuropsychiatic and vascular symptoms

LSD was originally synthesized by ......in 1938 while working with several derivatives of ergot

some of the 5- HT receptors are ..... and some are ,,,,

depending on the type of receptor LSD like P/P/Hs may act as ...., ....,. or , ...

the psychological effects of LSD and other P/P/Hs are very difficult to describe because they are almost entirely .... and dependent upon self reports

futhermore, the effects are very dependent upon the ... and the ..... of the person

users report that they see things regarding themselves or others that they have never seen before

with the eyes closed the person experiences a virtual ... of changing patterns and intense colors

the transposition of sensations, such as sounds into visual images may occur

generally occur if users take a larger then usual dose of these substances and suddenly get the feeling that they are completely losing control over the experience and that they may never return to normal

some users may experience what they report as brief episodes similar to the LSD induced state-- several weeks or months ofter they have ingested LSD (causes ??)

the latest controversy over monoamine related P/P/Hs is centered around a chemical relative of methamphetamine

MDMA is commonly referred to as a ........ but it was synthesized by a legitimate company long before the concept came into being

party goers who typically use MDMA often drink beverages with amino acids added to them

...seems to be heavily involved in the effects of both drugs, however rather than reducing serotonin realse as is the case with LSD both have been found to be potent serotonin releasing agents (..........effect)

following the serotonin releaseing action there is an ..... depletion of ,,..... between 3 and 6 hours after administration

the leaves and buds of the ..... plant aka marijuana have been used as a medical herb for centuries

some believe that marijuanas use results in a strong psychological dependence, leads users to more potent and dangerous drugs, induce the ...... and is the cause of permanent brain damage

the major psychoactive chemical in marijuana

marijuana is commonly administered by smoking a .......(...mg of THC)

most cannabinoids are highly lipid-souble and are readily absorbed both ...... and through ..........

initial ..... of cannabinoids, in marijuana .....occurs in the ...... where as .....administration cannabinoids are metabolized in the...... and then by the .....

most of the .....are also ......

THC exerts nonspecific .......effects on lipid membranes -similar to those of general anesthetics and alcohol but not to the same degree

there is a definite ,,,,,on the THC molecule was with the ........being from 6 to 100 times .......then the .......

THC mediated changes in ....... are probably responsible for the distortions in memory and cognitive performance that commonly occurs during marijuana intoxication

the ....noted, particularly when unexpected strong marijuana is used. is the more common psychological effect.

many users of marijuana report........

tachycardia

rapid heart rate

conjunctival reddening of the eyes

• low-dose slight increase in blood pressure
• high dose slight decrease in blood pressure
• blurred vision
• headaches

• pulmonary function impaired
• risk factors for lung cancer
• reproductive functioning imparied ?
• immune responses?
• affects chromosomes?

THC is available for medical use in ........ (as a schedule ..... controlled substance )

most profound effects in both of these is profound anethesia

this term is utilized because the patient aneshetized with a drig in this class are ,,,,, but appear ...... from the enviornment

for this reason the drug company that developed ....withdrew it from the market expect for veterinary purposes

.......binding sites for PCP have been noted

pcp may also be a .....

high doses of PCP can ...

..... pcp has ....effects

pcp has a relatively long plasma halflife how many days

after noting the many side effects of PCP chemist synthesized this. it was found to have the most therapeutic value as an anesthetic

the drugs are often called ..... ...... because at one time women used these compounds (..... .......) to dilate their pupils and enhance their beauty

in addition to their CNS effects anticholinergic drugs exert a number of peripheral effects that led to their being included in a variety of ....... medications

the three most common anticholinergic compounds are