Q2 microbial genetics

  1. Is there meiosis in bacterial replication?
    No
  2. Are bacteria haploid or diploid?
    Haploid
  3. What is the gene pool that contains necessary enzymes for survival, biosynthesis etc.
    Core gene pool
  4. What type of gene pool does a chromosome belong to?
    Core
  5. What kind of genetic elements are part of the flexible gene pool?
    • Genomic islands
    • Genomic islets
    • Phages
    • Plasmids
    • Integrons
    • Transposons
  6. Term for large chunk of DNA planted into a bacterial chromosome
    Genetic island
  7. 3 mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer
    • Transformation
    • Conjugation
    • Transduction
  8. Horizontal gene transfer mechanism characterized by transfer of genetic material by viral delivery
    Transduction
  9. Horizontal gene transfer mechanism characterized by transfer of genetic material by plasmid
    Conjugation
  10. Horizontal gene transfer mechanism characterized by transfer of free DNA
    Transformation
  11. In a transformation event, how is free DNA taken up into the chromosome?
    Recombination (non-additive)
  12. What is required for general recombination? (2)
    • Large region of homology
    • Rec genes on chromosome
  13. Term for ability of bacteria to be transformed
    Competence
  14. What small peptide is constituively expressed and has a role in making a cell available for transformation?
    Competence factor
  15. What does a competence factor interact with to bring about cell competence?
    Surface receptor (not present at all times) --> signal transduction
  16. What does a recA protein do?
    Helps free DNA find its way to bacterial chromosome for recombination
  17. How does H. influenzae import free DNA into cell for transformation?
    • Via a tranformasome
    • No competence factor needed
  18. Term for when cells that are competent first produce proteins that kill other cells of the same species --> lysis of cells and spillage of DNA
    Fratricide mechanism
  19. Term for the regulation of gene expression in response to fluctuations in cell-population density
    Quorum sensing
  20. Bacteriophage that can infect E. coli
    T4
  21. 2 types of bacteriophage "lifestyles"
    • Lytic
    • Temperate
  22. Term for new gene product that allows release of bacteriophage from a cells into the environment
    Lysin
Author
Anonymous
ID
51801
Card Set
Q2 microbial genetics
Description
Q2 microbial genetics
Updated