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Schema
an internal representation of the world; an organization of concepts and actions that can be revised by new information about the world
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Parenting styles
construct representing standard strategies that parents use in their child rearing
- Authoritative parenting
- Authoritarian parenting
- Indulgent parenting
- Neglectful parenting
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Reflex
An action that is performed as a response to a stimulus and without conscious thought
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Cross sectional
a study in which a group (or groups) of individuals are composed into one large sample and studied at only a single point in time
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Longitudinal
Involving information about an individual or group gathered over a long period of time
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Development
a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage
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Creativity
Creativity is a mental process involving the discovery of new ideas or concepts, or new associations of the existing ideas or concepts, fueled by the process of either conscious or unconscious insight.
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Savant Syndrome
A disorder in which a person with greatly diminished mental skill shows extraordinary proficiency in one, isolated skill
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Mental Retardation
retardation: lack of normal development of intellectual capacities
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Achievement
This is what someone has actually learned; whereas, aptitude is their potential for learning something
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Aptitude
inherent ability
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Standardization
the condition in which a standard has been successfully established;
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Validity
The state or fact of being legally binding or acceptable
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“g” Factor
The general intelligence factor (abbreviated g) is a controversial construct used in the field of psychology (see also psychometrics) to quantify what is common to the scores of all intelligence tests
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Intelligence Quotient
a measure of a person's intelligence as indicated by an intelligence test; the ratio of a person's mental age to their chronological age
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Intelligence Quotient
a measure of a person's intelligence as indicated by an intelligence test; the ratio of a person's mental age to their chronological age
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Language
The method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way
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Trial and Error
experimenting until a solution is found
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Artificial Intelligence
tools that exhibit human intelligence and behaviour
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Mental Set
a tendency to approach situations the same way because that way worked in the past
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Functional Fixedness
Functional fixedness is a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used.
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Means-End
It is used when something you are doing (work) is not as important to you as what you hope to achieve by doing it
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Working Backwards
starting from end amd work to beginning
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Heuristic
relating to or using a general formulation that serves to guide investigation
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Algorithm
A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, esp. by a computer
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Deductive reasoning
deduction: reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)
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Inductive reasoning
generalization: reasoning from detailed facts to general principle
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