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endo crine system
- endo- = inside
- -crine = secrete
- coordinates with the nervous system to regulate body activities
- ductless
-
dysfunctions in hormone production are either a deficiency or an excess
- dys- = bad
- deficiency = hyposecretion
- excess = hypersecretion
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exo crine
- exo- = outside
- -crine = secrete
- has ducts
-
pituitary gland
- aka hypophysis
- hypo- = below
- -physis = growth
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
aden/o
gland
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
adren/o
adrenal glands
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
andr/o
male or masculine
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
gigant/o
giant
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
gonad/o
gonad
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
insulin/o
insulin
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
iod/o
iodine
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
myx/o
mucus
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
pancreat/o
pancreas
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
parathyroid/o
parathyroids
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
ren/o
kidney
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
thyr/o, thyroid/o
thyroid gland
-
context: the endocrine system -combining forms
toxic/o
poison
-
context: the endocrine system -suffixes
-gen
beginning, origin
-
context: the endocrine system -suffixes
-physis
growth
-
context: the endocrine system -suffixes
-tropic
stimulate
-
context: the endocrine system -suffixes
-tropin
that which stimulates
-
context: the endocrine system -suffixes
-uria
urine, urination
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hyperthyroidism
- hyper = excessive
- thyroid = thyroid gland
- ism = condition
- abnormally increased activity of the thyroid
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ex ophthalmos
- protrusion of the eyeballs
- -Edema in orbital tissue
-
goiter
enlarged thyroid gland that is usually evident as a pronounced swelling in the neck
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hypo thyroid ism
- hypo = under
- thyroid = thyroid gland
- ism = condition
- decreased activity of the thyroid
-
acromegaly
- acr/o = extremity
- -megaly = enlarged
- a disorder in which there is abnormal enlargement of the extremities of the skeleton - nose, jaws, fingers, and toes- caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone after maturity
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adenoma
- aden/o = gland
- -oma = tumor
- tumor of a gland
-
adrenaline
epinephrine, a hormone produced by the adrenals
-
androgen
- andr/o = masculine
- -gen = origin
- a substance, such as testosterone, that produces or stimulates the development of male sex characteristics. Testosterone is made in the testes.
-
cortisone
a hormone made by the adrenal glands that is important in the regulation of body metabolism. This hormone is also used as an antiiflammatory agent
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cretinism
a condition caused by congenital deficiency of thyroid secretion and marked by arrested physical and mental development
-
dwarfism
a disease cause by hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood; it causes a person to be much smaller than normal size
-
estrogen
the female sex hormones, including estradiol and estrone. During the menstrual cycle, estrogens act on the female genitalia to produce an environment suitable for the fertilization, implantation, and nutrition of the early embryos. Estrogen is made primarily by the ovaries.
-
euthyroid
- eu- = normal
- normal thyroid function
-
gigantism
- gigant/o = large
- -ism = condition
- a condition in which a person reaches an abnormal stature; it results from hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood. Compare dwarfism and gigantism
-
growth hormone
a pituitary hormone that regulates the rate of growth
-
hyperinsulinism
excessive secretion of insulin by the pancreas, which causes hypoglycemia
-
hyperparathyroidism
increased activity of the parathyroid glands
-
hypoglycemia
- hypo- = decreased
- abnormally low blood sugar
-
hypoparathyroidism
decreased activity of the parathyroid glands
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myxedema
- myx/o = mucus
- -edema = swelling
- a condition resulting from hypofunction of the thyroid gland. It is characterized by a dry, waxy swelling of the skin.
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thyrotoxicosis
- thyr/o = thyroid
- toxic/o = poison
- -osis = condition
- a morbid condition caused by excessive thyroid secretion
-
thyroxine
an iodine-containing hormone secreted by the thyroid gland; its chief function is to increase cell metabolism
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