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Nervous System
system of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves that govern sensation, movement, and thought.
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central nervous system (CNS)
brain & spinal cord
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peripheral nervous system
nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord.
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autonomic nervous system
division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary motor functions.
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digestive system
system by which food travels through the body and is digested, or broken down into absorbable forms.
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stomach
muscular sac between the esophagus and the small intestine where digestions of food begins.
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small intestine
muscular tube between the stomach and large inestine, divided into the duodenum, the jejuunum, and the ileum, which receives partially digested food from the stomach & continues digestion. Nutrients are absorbed by the body through its walls.
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large intestine
the muscular tube that removes water from waste products received from the small intestine and removes anything not absorbed by the body toward excretion from the body.
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liver
largest internal organ of the body, produces bile to assist in the breakdown of fats and assists in the metabolism of various substances in the body.
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gallbladder
a sac on the underside of the liver that stores bile produced by the liver.
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pancreas
a gland located behind the stomach that produces insulin and juices that assist in digestion of the small intestine.
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spleen
organ located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that acts as a blood filtration system and a reservoir for reserves of blood.
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appendix
small tube located near the junction of the small & large intestines in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, the function of which is not well understood. It's inflammation called appendicitis, is a common cause of abdominal pain.
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skin
layer of tissue between the body and the external environment.
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epidermis
outer layer of skin.
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dermis
inner (second) layer of skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, found beneath the epidermis.
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subcutaneous layers
layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis.
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endocrine system
system of glands that produce chemicals called hormones that help to regulate many body activities and functions.
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insulin
hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics.
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epinephrine
hormone produced by the body. As a medication, it dilates respiratory passages and is used to relieve severe allergic reactions.
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