April5Shannon

  1. distance between a number and zero on the number line
    absolute value
  2. any compund with a hydrogen ion activity greater than water (pH<7)
    acid
  3. solutions that have a pH scale vale less than 7
    acidic solutions
  4. energy necessary for a chemical reaction to occur
    activation energy
  5. verb that shows an action performed by the subject of the sentence
    active verb
  6. state of a sentence that contains an active verb
    active voice
  7. increase from generation to generation af alleles of genes that allow a species to survive in their enviroment
    adaptation
  8. rules that make it possible to move terms from one side of an equation to the other by adding opposites to each expression
    addition principle
  9. cellular fuel; produce in the mitochondria
    adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
  10. descriptive word that modifies nouns or pronouns
    adjective
  11. word modifying a verb, adjective, or other adverb indicating when, how, where, why or how much
    adverb
  12. hydrocarbon with only single bonds (CnH2n+2)
    alkane
  13. hydrocarbon with one double bond (CnH2n)
    alkene
  14. hydrocarbon with one triple bond
    (CnH2n-2)
    alkyne
  15. two or more different forms of a certain gene
    allels
  16. structures in the lungs that permits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to occur
    alveoli
  17. building blocks of protein
    amino acids
  18. a standard position in which the body is facing forward, the feet are parallel to each other, and the arms are at the sides with the palms facing forward
    anatomical position
  19. study of the structure of various organs and body systems
    anatomy
  20. atom or molecule with a negative change
    anion
  21. noun that a pronoun refers bact to (replaces)
    antecedent
  22. toward the front of the body or body structure (opposite of posterior)
    anterior
  23. protein produced by a B cell in response to an antigen
    antibody
  24. a foreign protein, such as a pathogen, that stimulates antibody production
    antigen
  25. punctuation mark (') used to indicate possessiveness or the omission of letters or numbers
    apostrophe
  26. written numbers that use a combination of the whole numbers
    0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9
    Arabic numberals
  27. blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart to the capillaries
    arteries
  28. word that is used to limit a noun, either indefinite-a, an or definite -the
    article
  29. smallest part of an element that still retains all the original properties of the element
    atom
  30. number of protons and neutrons within the nucleus of an atom; the average mass of all of the known isotopes of an element
    atomic mass
  31. number of protons in the nucleus of the chemical element; the number of protons that defines a specific atom
    atomic number
  32. part of a sentence that indicates who said a direct quote
    attributive tag
  33. person or persons who will be reading a piece of writing
    audience
  34. underlying reason why the author wrote the text
    author's intent
  35. branch of the peripheral nervous system that controls automatic body functions like heartbeat and digestion
    autonomic nervous system
  36. organism that is able to produce its own food
    autotroph
  37. part of the nerve cell that carries impulses away from the cell body and connects one neuron with another neuron over a synapse
    axon
  38. type of lymphocyte that produces antibodies in response to antigens; responsible for humoral immunity
    B cell
  39. graph used to compare the frequency of an event; frequencies are displayed as ertical or horizontal, nontouching bars; data is unsually noncontinuous
    bar graph
  40. any compound with a hydrogen ion activity less than water (pH>7)
    base
  41. solutions that have a pH scale value greater than 7
    basic solutions
  42. opinions or beliefs that affect a person's ability to make fair, unclouded judgments or decisions
    biases
  43. polynomial that has two terms
    binomial
  44. two-word naming system that includes the universally accepted genus and species of each organism; developed by Carolus Linnaeus
    Binomial nomenclature
  45. small respiratory passages that connect the trachea to the lungs
    bronchial tubes
  46. a common metric unit of energy
    (1 calorie =4.2 Joules)
    Joule or calories
  47. tiny blood vessels that transport blood between arteries and veins within the body
    capillaries
  48. substance that control the rate of a chemical reaction
    catalyst
  49. atom or molecule with a positive charge
    cation
  50. first pesents an action, then describes the effects that result (or may result) from that action
    cause-effect text structure
  51. basic unit of all life
    cell
  52. outside, rigid layer that helps separate the inside and outside of both prokaryotic and plant cells
    cell wall
  53. process in which glucose is used to produce adenosine triphosphate
    cellular respiration
  54. metric temperature scale defined (at standard pressue) by the melting point of ice (0 C) and the boining point (100 C) of liquid water
    Celsius
  55. branch of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord
    • Central nervous System
    • (CNS)
  56. microtubule organizing center that helps to form and organize the mitotic spindle during mitosis
    centrosome
  57. positive or negative distributions within an object
    charge
  58. evolutionary biologist who studied wild life on the Galapagos Islands in the 1800's and wrote On the Origin of Species, in which he explained adaption and natural selection
    Charles Darwin
  59. chemical attraction of atoms due to their electon arrangement
    chemical bonding
  60. dynamic event than alters the chemical makeup of a molecule; a process that chemically transforms a set of substances into another set
    chemical reaction
  61. release of chemicals by damaged cells that attract white blood cells
    chemotaxis
  62. green pigment in plants
    chlorophyll
  63. organelle that contains chlorophyll and is found in plants; used to carry out photosynthesis
    chloroplast
  64. one of a pair of newly duplicated chromosomes that are still attached to one another; a pair of matching "sister" chromatids make up the duplicated chromosome
    chromatid
  65. condensed, single, very long strands of DNA double helix located in the nucleus of a cell and contain hundreds of genes
    chromosomes
  66. misture of food, chemicals, and enzymes in the stomach
    chyme
  67. tiny haris in the bronchial tubes that keep the airway clear by removing unwanted matter from the lungs
    cilia
  68. divide into sectors representing the frequency of an event; sectors total 100%
    circle graph
  69. tranportation highwah for the entire body (aka cardiovascular system)
    circulatory system
  70. group of words that re related and contain both a subject and a properly conjugated verb
    clause
  71. group of three nucleotide on RNA or DNA that encodes for a singel, specific amino acid
    codon
  72. numerical part of a term
    coefficient
  73. puntuation mark (:) used to indicate that there is information to follow
    colon
  74. punctuation mark (,) used to indicate a break or pause within a sentence
    comma
  75. presents two different cases, usually with the intent of making the reader consider the differences (or similarities) between the two cases
    comparison-contrast text structure
  76. symbol that indicates the cardinal diretion (north, south, east, and west) as they relate to the map
    compass-rose
  77. sentence that contains an independent clause and a dependent clause
    complex sentence
  78. two (or more) independent clauses joined together with a coordinating conjunction
    compound sentence
  79. connects different structures of the body; includes bones, cartilage, adipose tissues (fats), and blood vessels
    connective tissue
  80. quantity that does not change; it's what students refer to as "number" such as 8,-3,1/2,1/4, 0.45 etc.
    constant
  81. text surrounding a word, phrase, or passage
    context
  82. words surrounding an unfamiliar word that can help a reder discern the meaning of the unfamiliar word
    context clues
  83. words that join two or more words, phrases, or clauses so that each conjoined element is equal; in Englis, there are only seven, and they may be remembered using the acronym FANBOYS (for,and,nor,but,or,yet and so)
    coordinating conjuctions
  84. sharing of electrons between atoms
    covalent
  85. series of fols formed by the inner membrane of a mitochondrion
    cristae
  86. reading style where the reader carefully analyzes the text, judging its credibility and the author's intentions, rather than simply accepting the material as facts
    critical reading
  87. number of childbirths per 1,000 people per year
    crude birth rate
  88. number of deaths per 1,000 people per year
    crude death rate
  89. atoms arranged in a hightly ordered state
    crystalline order
  90. contains an independent clause followed by a parallel string of modifiers; modifiers may be adjectives, prepositional phrases, or dependent clauses
    cumulative sentence
  91. chemical messengers that are released by damaged tissue
    cytokines
  92. division and separation of the cytoplasm form one cell into two new cells; is accomplished by pinching off the cell membrane to form two cells while simultaneously synthesizing an additional membrane to help in the process; begins in late anaphase and comples in telophase
    cytokinesis
  93. rich protein fluid with gel-like consistency that houses organelles
    cytoplasm
  94. items that are subtracted from a beginning salary (i.e., state taxes, federal taxes, health insurance, anr retirement contributions)
    deductions
  95. method whereby conclusions follow from a general principle
    deductive reasoning
  96. away from or below the body surface (opposite of superficial)
    deep
  97. exponent or sum of exponents of the variables of a term
    degree
  98. branched extensions of the neuron that receive impulses (electric messages) from other neurons and stimuli
    dendrites
  99. b in the fraction a/b
    denominator
  100. ratio of mass per volume for a substance
    density
  101. group of words containing a subject with a properly conjugated verb that is made dependent or incomplete because of the addition of a subordinating conjuction
    dependent clause
  102. depends on another variable
    dependent variable
  103. passage of text that describes or characterizes a person, thing, or idea
    description
  104. process of white blood cells squeezing through the capillary slits in response to cytokines
    diapedesis
  105. dome-shaped muscle located immediately below the lungs that stimulates inhalation and exhalation by contracting and relaxing
    diaphragm
  106. molecule consisting of two atoms
    diatomic molecule
  107. mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods
    digestion
  108. manufactures enzymes that break down food so that nutrients can be easily passed into the blood for use through the body; consists of all the organs from the mouth to the anus involved in the ingestion, breakdown, and processing of food
    digestive system
  109. containing two sets of chromosomes
    diploid cell
  110. writing that reflects someone's exact words, often with an attributive tag, suing quotation marks
    direct dialogue (or direct discourse)
  111. noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb and answers the question whom or what
    direct object
  112. away form the origin of the body part or point of attachment (opposit of proximal)
    distal
  113. information in the legend that tells the reader how to interpret distances on a map
    distance scale
  114. property that removes parentheses in an expression, such as a(x+y)=ax+ay
    distributive property
  115. quantity to be divided
    dividend
  116. quantitiy by which another quantity is divided
    divisor
  117. a molecule that exists as a double-strand helix made from sugar, phosphates, and nitrogenous bases
    • DNA
    • (deoxyribonucleic acid)
  118. contains the cranial cavity and spinal column
    dorsal body cavity
  119. first section of the small intesting
    duodenum
  120. glands and muscles that are innervated and extend away from the spinal cord
    effectors
  121. use of electric current to drive the breakdown of a molecule
    electrolysis
  122. waves of radiation that are characterized by electric and magnetic fields; wavers are members of a spectrum, a continuum of wavelengths rangeing form very short to very long
    elecromagnetic waves
  123. ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself
    electronegativity
  124. negatively charged subatomic particles found in various orbits around the nucleus
    electrons
  125. substances that cannot be decomposed by ordinary cheical means; each chemical element is characterized by the number of protons in the nucleus
    element
  126. punctuation mark (...) used to indicate a pause or omission of material
    ellipsis
  127. early development of an animal or a plant after fertilization
    embryo
  128. act of an individual moving out of ones region or country to live in another
    emigration
  129. controls body functions; glands in this system secrete hormones that travel through the blood to organs throughout the body to regulate processes such as growth and metabolism
    endocrine system
  130. tubular transport network with the cell that appears as a stack of flattened membranous sacs
    • Endoplasmic Reticulum
    • (ER)
  131. protein catalyst; chemical that changes the reate of a chemical reaction in living tissue without itself being chemically altered; a chemical that breaks down proteins, carbs, and fats into nutrients
    enzymes
  132. provides covering (skin) or produces secretions (glandular tissue); commonly exists in sheets and does not have its own blood supply
    epithelial tissue
  133. mathematical sentence in which two expressions are set equal to each other
    equation
  134. approximate value
    estimate
  135. history of a given word; a word's origin
    etymology
  136. organism that contains cellular organelles; organism that has cells that contain nuclei (protists, plants, fungi and animals)
    eukarya
  137. mechanism that inspects a DNA for damage and attempts to repair it
    excision repair
  138. act of exhaling carbon dioxide from the body
    expiration
  139. number written as a superscprit that is used to denote the number of times a number should be multiplied by itself
    exponent
  140. introduces a topic or provides background information for later remarks
    expository writing
  141. one or more terms consisting of any combination of constants and/or variables
    expression
  142. information based on real, provable events or situations
    fact
  143. average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years (from the ages of 15 to 44)
    fertility rate
  144. perspective in which the narrator is the one speaking, evidenced by the use of the first person pronoun I or we
    first person point of view
  145. long, whip-like structure used for cellular movement in certain prokaryotic cells
    flagella
  146. acronym that represents the order in which two binomials can be multiplied; stands for first, outer, inner, last
    FOIL
  147. cut made along a longitudinal plane that divides the body into front and back regions; coronal section
    frontal section
  148. cells of reproduction
    gametes
  149. collection of nerve cell bodies
    ganglia
  150. specifies male or female gender using words such as he or she; neuter gender words like it do not specify male or female gender, but are rare in English
    gendered language
  151. portion of DNA on a chromosome that provides information for an organism's characteristics; genetic blueprint for the formation of proteins that make up the machinery of the cell
    gene
  152. complete set of DNA for an individual; contains all genes
    genome
  153. organism's underlying genetic makeup or code
    genotype
  154. reproductive cells that give rise to sperm and ovum
    germ cells
  155. protein that is roughly spherical in shape
    globular protein
  156. structure involved in packaging and transporting proteins in the cell
    Golgi apparatus
  157. greatest number that will divid evenly into two or more numbers
    greatest common factor
  158. one set of chromosomes
    haploid cell
  159. titles that preface a section of text; advertise the subject of the text below, making it easier to skim or search for a particular topic; give the text structure
    headings
  160. organ that rhythmically contracts and pumps blood throughout the body
    heart
  161. flow of energy due to a difference in temperature
    heat
  162. amount of heat necessary to cause a phase transition between a liquid and a gas
    heat of vaporization
  163. organism that cannot produce its own food
    heterotroph
  164. having received different alleles for a particular traits from each parent
    heterozygous
  165. graph used to compare the frequency of an event; frequencies are displayed as vertical, touching bars, and data is usually continous
    histogram
  166. time and place in which a text was written; style and content of a text are part of its historical context
    historical context
  167. a stable state in which all the needs of a body are met and all of the organs systems are working properly together
    homeostasis
  168. similar in size and function
    homologous
  169. having received the same allele for a particular trait from both parents
    homozygous
  170. compound whose structure is entirely composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms
    hydrocarbon
  171. punctuatin mark (-) used to connect parts of a word or to joint separate words together
    hypen
  172. possible explanation formulated to answer questions that are being investigated; involves making predictions that follow from the initial statement of a problem
    hypothesis
  173. act of an individual moving into a region or country to live
    immigration
  174. tissues, cells and organs that work htogehter to fight off illness and disease
    immune system
  175. fraction whose numerator is breater that is denominator
    improper fraction
  176. dominant and recessive genotypes interact to produce an intermediate phenotype
    incomplete dominance
  177. clause that has a complete meaning
    independent clause
  178. does not depend on another variable; affects the dependent variable
    independent variable
  179. listing of important names, ideas, and topics from the publications, along with page numbers (or links to those items); traditionally appears at the end of the publication
    index
  180. writing that reflects the idea of someone else's words but does not quote them directly
    indirect dialogue (or indirect discourse)
  181. arriving at general principles from specific facts
    inductive reasoning
  182. mathematical sentence in which one expression may not be equal to another expression
    inequality
  183. logical conclusiong or next step; inferred conclusion not actually written in the text, but deduced by the reader, based on information that is in the text
    inference
  184. toward the lower end of the body or body structure (opposite of superior)
    inferior
  185. act of breathing in oxygenated air
    inspiration
  186. protects internal tissues from injury, waterproofs the body, and helps regulate body temperature; serves as a barrier to pathogens; consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails
    integumentary systems
  187. protein that inhibits the reproduction of a virus
    interferon
  188. between the medial and lateral aspects of the body or body structure
    intermediate
  189. process that occurs prior to mitosis; occurs when the cell must duplicate its DNA, increase the amount of organelles and cytoplasm, and synthesize protein in preparation for cell division
    interphase
  190. positively ro negatively charged atom
    ion
  191. electrical attraction between ions of opposite charges
    ionic
  192. any real number that cannot be written as a fraction
    irrational number
  193. atoms with the same number of protons but differing numbers of neutrons
    isotope
  194. a common metric unit of energy (1 calorie = 4.2 J)
    Joules
  195. metric temperature scale defined by an absolute zero reference point (0 Kelvin = -273C, the temperature at which molecular motion ceases)
    Kelvin
  196. the energy in motion
    kinetic energy
  197. heat per mass needed for a phase change at a constant temperature
    latent heat
  198. toward the outer sides of the body or body structure (opposite of medial)
    lateral
  199. is a system is closed, the total amount of energy in the system does not change; however, energy can be changed from one form to another
    Law of Conservation of Energy
  200. smallest common multiple of the denominators; the LCD of two fractions is the least number that both denominators divid into evenly
    • least common denominator
    • (LCD)
  201. small portion of a map devoted to explaining the symbols and notations used in the main portion of the map
    legend
  202. white blood cells
    leukocytes
  203. symbolic representation of covalent bonding bwtween atoms
    Lewis structure
  204. distance that light will travel within a year
    light year
  205. terms that have the same variable and the same exponent associated with that variable
    like terms
  206. shows change over time; compares the relationship between two or more quantities
    line graph
  207. well-reasoned idea that stems from the information in the text, not from the reader's personal ideas or biases
    logical conclusion
  208. contains an independent clause followed by a parallel sting of modifiers; modifiers may be adjective, prepositional phrases, or dependent clauses
    loose sentence or commulative sentence
  209. paired organs that take in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide
    lungs
  210. supporst the immune system by housing and transporting white blood cells to and from lymph nodes; returns fluid that has leaked from the cardiovascular system back into the blood vessels
    lymphatic system
  211. Latin work for break; used in biology and chemistry to mean rupture or destruction of the cell membrane, a cell structure, or a molecule
    lyse
  212. organelle containing digestive enzymes capable of disposing of cellular debris and worn cellular parts
    lysosome
  213. specific message of a writing
    main idea
  214. quantity of matter within an object
    mass
  215. total number of protons and neutrons found within that nucleus of an atom matter anything that takes up space and has mass
    mass number
  216. toward the middle of the body or body structure (opposite of lateral)
    medial
  217. process by which gametes reduce their DNA content
    meiosis
  218. chemical reactions within a cell
    metabolic pathways
  219. chemical reaction in living organisms used to maintain life
    metabolism
  220. elements that may accept or donate electrons readily; possess a mixture of metallic and nonmetallic properties
    metalloids
  221. elements that readily donate electrons and are good conductors of electricity; donate highly just prior to separation of the chromosomes during mitosis
  222. metals
  223. disc extending across the nuclear area on which the chromosomes are found at metaphase just prior to separation of chromosomes during mitosis
    metaphase plate
  224. cellular tracks that form the mitotic spindle during mitosis
    microtubules
  225. microscopic projections of tissues that make up the villi
    microvilli
  226. sagittal section made down the median of the body
    midsagittal section
  227. mechanism that scans over the DNA to find any mismatches of nitrogenous bases
    mismatch pair
  228. powerhouse of the cell
    mitochondrion
  229. process of cell duplication in which two daughter cells receive exactly the same nuclear material as the original
    mitosis
  230. number that represents the sum of a whole number and a proper fraction
    mixed number
  231. group of chemically bonded atoms that possesses characteristics independent of the atoms themselves
    molecule
  232. polynomial that has only one term
    monomial
  233. rule that states that the equality of an equation does not change if both sides of an equations are multiplie by the same nonzero number
    multiplication principle
  234. dedicated to producing movement; three types include skeletal, cardica, and smooth
    muscle tissue
  235. consists of skeletal muscles, tendons that connect muscles to bones, and ligaments that attach bones together to form joints
    muscular system
  236. substance that induces mutations
    mutagen
  237. permanent change in DNA sequence
    mutation
  238. relates a chain of events or tells a story
    narrative writing
  239. process in which individuals of species carrying certain mutations are better able to survive and reporduce in their natural environment than other member of the species (survival of the fittest)
    natural selection
  240. serves as the body's control system; consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
    nervous system
  241. structure for the brain, spinal cord, nerves; made up of neurons that send electrical impulses throughout the body
    nervous tissue
  242. specialized cells that make up the nervous system and transmit electrical impulses
    neurons
  243. neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom
    neutron
  244. molecule found in DNA and RNA that encodes the genetic information in cells
    nitrogenous base
  245. changing a verb, adverb, or adjective to a noun
    nominalization
  246. group of words that contain a subject and a properly conjugated verb but does not contain information that is necessary to interpreting the meaning of the sentence
    nonrestrictive clause
  247. group of words taht does not contain both a subject and a verb and does not contain information that is necessary to interpreting the meaning of the sentence
    nonnonrestrictive phrase
  248. a word for a person, place, or thing
    noun
  249. chain of nucleotides
    nucleic acid
  250. condensed DNA of a cell
    nucleoid
  251. small body within the nucleus that functions to produce ribosomes that are then moved to the cytoplasm to make cell proteins
    nucleolus
  252. molecule that consists of a pentose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
    nucleotide
  253. central region of an atom; large organelle that is the control center of the entire cell
    nucleus
  254. a in the fraction a/b
    numerator
  255. noun, pronoun, phrase, or clause to which the preposition refers
    object of the preposition
  256. belief based on personal judgment, rather than on indisputable facts
    opinion
  257. arrangement of electrons within a specific region around the nucleus
    orbital shell
  258. denotes the x-coordinate (position of a point along the horizontal axis) and y-coordinate (position of the point along the vertical axis) on a graph, writeen (x,y)
    ordered pair
  259. two or mire tissue types that work together to perform a specific funtion
    organ
  260. group of organs in an organism working together to perform a specific function
    organ system
  261. tiny organ
    organelle
  262. study of the structure and properties of carbon compounds
    organic chemistry
  263. living body made up of several organ systems
    organsim
  264. electron donation by a chemical group that leaves teh group with one less electron and a more positive charge
    oxidation
  265. group of sentences that form a cohesive whole due to a similar topic or theme
    paragraph
  266. branch of the atonomic nervous system that is ative when a person is eating or at rest
    parasympathetic nerve
  267. punctuation mark () used to indicate interjectory, explanatory, or qualifying material; they always come in pair
    parentheses
  268. comprised of be plus a past participle that shifts the action of a sentence from the subject to the object
    passive verb
  269. state of a sentence that contains a passive verb
    passive voice
  270. any disease-causing agent
    pathogen
  271. type of sugar
    pentose
  272. ratio whose denominator is 100; per 100
    percent
  273. pore-forming protein
    perforin
  274. independent clause is delayed until the end of the sentence and is often preceded by parallel strings of modifiers
    periodic sentence
  275. branch of the nervous system that extends outside of the central nervous system and consists of the cranial and spinal nerves
    peripheral nervous system
  276. rhythmic contractions of the stomach and intestines that propel food toward the colon and anus
    peristalsis
  277. organelle used to rid the body of toxic components
    peroxisome
  278. writing intended to change the reader's mind or form the reader's opinions on a particular topic
    persuasive writing
  279. measure of hydrogen ion concentration within a solution; the scale used to measure the strength of acidic solutions;
    pH
  280. chemical detector of hydrogen ions to visually acidity (color change)
    pH indicator
  281. engulfing of pathogens by white blood cells
    phagocytosis
  282. alteration of the physical state of a substance between a solid, liquid, and gas
    phase transition
  283. physical expression of genetic traits
    phenotype
  284. molecule in the backbone of DNA and RNA that links adjoining bases together
    phosphate group
  285. process carried out by green plants, green allgae, and certain bacteria, in which the energy from sunlight is trapped by chlorophyll and used for synthesis of glucose
    photosynthesis
  286. group of words that are related but do not contain a verb and a subject together
    phrase
  287. physical connection between atoms (or molecules) that does not alter the chemical nature of the atoms (or molecules)
    physical bonding
  288. study of the function of the various organs and body systems
    physiology
  289. divided into sectors representing the frequency of an event; sectors total 100%
    circle graph or pie chart
  290. small circular portions of DNA not associated with the nucleoid
    plasmid
  291. perspective from which an author writes
    point of view
  292. possesses both positive and negative regions
    polar molecule
  293. term or combination of terms
    polynomial
  294. used to indicate ownership
    possessive pronoun
  295. toward the back of the body or body structures (opposite of anterior)
    posterior
  296. stored energy
    potential energy
  297. group of letters added to the beginning of a word that modifies or extends the word's meaning
    prefix
  298. words such as by, at, to, and from that give additional information, usually in relationship to something else
    preposition
  299. firsthand record of events, theories, oinions, or actions; either published or unpublished documents, recordings, or artifacts that are contemporary to the events, people, or information that is at issue
    primary source
  300. presents a problem or question, and then responds with a solution or answer
    problem-solution text structure
  301. substances formed as the result of chemical reactions
    products
  302. single-celled organism lacking defined cellular organelles or a nucleus
    prokaryote
  303. word that replaces a noun
    pronoun
  304. fraction whose numerator is less than its denominator
    proper fraction
  305. two ratios that are set equal to each other
    proportion
  306. compound composed of a large number of amino acids joined in a particular type of chemical bonds called a peptide bond
    protein
  307. positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom
    proton
  308. close to the origin of the body part or point of attachment (opposite of distal)
    proximal
  309. graphical way to show all possible combinations of alleles given the two parents' genotypes
    Punnentt square
  310. nitrogenous base with two rings (adenine and guanine)
    purine
  311. main reason or intent for writing a particular piece
    purpose of a passage
  312. muscule that separates the stomach from the duodenum and slowly releases chyme from the stomach into the small intestine (duodenum)
    pyloric sphincter
  313. nitrogenous base with one ring (thymine, cytosine, uracil)
    pyrimidine
  314. relating to numbers
    quantitative
  315. punctuation marks ("") used to indicate the exact phrasing of material or to show dialogue; always comes in pairs
    quotation marks
  316. c in the equation a + b = c
    quotient
  317. speed at which something changes
    rate of change
  318. relationship between two quantities
    ratio
  319. any real number that can be written as a fraction
    rational number
  320. substances consumed or altered in a chemical reaction
    reactants
  321. any number on the number line
    real number
  322. the multiplicative inverse of a number; a/b is b/a
    reciprocal
  323. electron acceptance by a chemical that produces a more negative charge on the group
    reduction
  324. automatic response to a stimulus that occurs when neurons transmit a message to the spinal cord, which in turn send a message back to the muscles to react before the message is transmitted to the brain
    reproductive system
  325. organ system that provides for air exchange by supplying tissue with oxygenated blood and removing carbon dioxide
    resiratory system
  326. organelle responsible for synthesizing protein within the cell from amino acids
    ribosome
  327. single-stranded molecule made from sugars, phosphates, and nitrogenous bases; required for the transfer and translation of the DNA code within a cell
    RNA (ribonucleic acid)
  328. written numbers that use a combination of M, D, C, L, X, V, and I
    Roman numerals
  329. a word in its simplest form before any affixes are attached
    root word
  330. cut made along a longitudinal plane that divides the body into right and left parts
    sagittal section
  331. neutral products of an anion and a cation
    salt
  332. chemical structure composed entirely of single bonds
    saturated hydrocarbon
  333. any standard instrument that has marking at established intervals
    scale
  334. perspective in which the writer directly addreses the reader using the pronoun you
    second-person point of view
  335. process of moving proteins outside of the cell
    secretion
  336. punctuation mark (;) used to indicate division between equal elements in a sentence
    semicolon
  337. neurons that carry messages from sense organs to the brain and spinal cord
    sensory neurons
  338. part of the peripheral nervous system that consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31 pairs of spinal nerves, and associated ganglia; controls voluntary actions of the body
    sensory-somatic nervous system
  339. ordered list of thoughts or ideas
    sequence
  340. contains only one independent clause and no dependent clauses
    simple sentence
  341. has no common factors between the numerator and the denominator except for the number 1 (a reduced faction)
    simplified fraction
  342. supports and protects the body and its organs; supplies a framwork that, when used in conjuction with the muscles, creates movment; serves as sotrage for minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus; consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joint
    skeletal system
  343. energy required to raise one unit of mass in a substance by 1 degree C
    specific heat
  344. can divide and remain undifferentiated; gives rise to a variety of more-specialized cells
    stem cell
  345. oversimplified opinions about an entire group of people or things that do not account for individual differences
    stereotypes
  346. change in the environment that triggers a physical response
    stimulus
  347. heading that appears below other headings; appears in smaller typeface than headings, so that they may easily be distinguished; single heading may have many subheadings, and these subheadings may have their own subheadings
    subheadings
  348. noun or pronoun that performs the action of the verb in a sentence; if a sentence contains a verb of beith or a linking verb such as be, feel, become, or look, the subject of the sentence is the noun or pronoun being described
    subject
  349. word that joins two or more clauses and makes the clause that contains it dependent on another clause, and therfore of slightl less importance; there are many subordinating conjuctions, but some common ones are because, though, although, while, if and as if
    subordinating conjuction
  350. molecule acted upon by an enzyme
    substrate
  351. group of letters added to the end of a word that modifies or extends the word's meaning
    suffix
  352. recaps the essential point(s) of a paragraph, or of a larger work, such as an essay; gives the reader the take-away message for the paragraph, or for the larger work
    summary sentence
  353. toward or at the body surface (opposite of deep)
    superficial
  354. toward the upper end of the body or body structure (opposite of inferior)
    superior
  355. examples and details that explain the topic of a paragraph; follows the topic sentence
    support
  356. details that explain the main idea
    supporting details
  357. branch of the autonomic nervous system that is activated when a person is excited or scared
    sympathetic nerve
  358. fluid-filled gap that connects the axon of one nerve cell with the cell body of another
    synapse
  359. lymphocyte that is responsible for cellular immunity
    T-cells
  360. listing of a publication's chapters, sections, or other organizational units; includes page numbers (Web documents may have links to the various sections)
    table of contents
  361. money received after deductions are subtracted from the beginning salary
    take-home pay
  362. classification of organism into universally accepted taxons; names reflect the organism's evolutionary heritage
    taxonomy
  363. writing that passes along specific information or knowledge in a formal or standardized way
    technical writing
  364. constant, variable, or product of a constant and a variable
    term
  365. formatting that serves a consistent purpose in a document; add meaning to the text that they modify, change the text's meaning, or add structure and clarity to the document
    text features
  366. way of organizing text to better present thoughts or ideas; includes sequence, problem-solution, comparison-contrast, description, and cause-effect
    text structure
  367. subjects that a written work frequently touches upon
    themes
  368. perspective in which the narrator is distranced from the story and tells it as an outsider; third-person pronouns such as he, she, or they
    third-person point of view
  369. collection of cells in an organism that have a similar function and structure
    tissue
  370. general subject matter covered by a writing
    topic
  371. generally at or near the beginning of a paragraph; gives the topic or point of athe paragrph and often explains that topic in relation to the overall theme of the writing
    topic sentence
  372. airway that connects the larynx to teh bronchial tubes; also known as windpipes
    trachea
  373. process of cells copying the instruction from the DNA into the RNA
    transcription
  374. smmoth movement from one idea to the next, from one sentence to the next, or from one paragraph to the next; transition words may include additionally, finally, similarly, next, however, and furthermore
    transition
  375. process of protein reduction from messenger RNA
    translation
  376. cut made along a horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower regions; cross section
    transverse section
  377. temperature and pressure at which a substance will coexist as a solid, liquid, and gas
    triple-point
  378. a chemical molecule containing at least one double of triple bond
    unsaturated hydrocarbons
  379. helps maintain the water and electrolyte balance within the body; regulates the acid-base balance of the blood; removes all nitrogen-containing wastes from the body
    urinary system
  380. inactivated form of a pathogen that stimulates the body to produce antibodies for future protection
    vaccine
  381. basic storage unit of a cell that can hold various compounds
    vacuole
  382. electrons in the outermost shell of an atom
    valence electrons
  383. unknown quantity in an expression or equations
    variable
  384. blood vessels that trasport unoxygenated blood from the capillaries back to the heart
    veins
  385. contains all the structures within the chest and abdomen; the diaphram divides the ventral cavity into the thoracic cavity (superior to the diaphragm);below the diaphram are the abdominal and pelvic cavities
    ventral body cavity
  386. word that shows an action or state of being
    verb
  387. word that is sometimes used as a verb but is currently being used as another part of speech
    verbal
  388. small membrane-bound sacs within the cytoplasm used to transport proteins or other substances in and out of a cell
    vesicles
  389. finger-like projections in the mucosa of the small intestine lining; produce a pleated appearance; each villus is supplied with blood and has lymphatic vessels for absorption
    villi
  390. nonzero, positve interger (0,1,2,3,4,5,6, etc)
    whole numbers
  391. way in which the parts of a word ar arranged together
    word structure
  392. result of any change in energy
    work
  393. mass of cells formed after an egg is fertilized and begins dividing
    zygote
  394. II
    Roman numeral 2
  395. I
    Roman numeral 1
  396. V
  397. III
    Roman numeral 3
  398. IV
    roman numeral 4
  399. VI
    roman numeral 6
  400. VII
    roman numeral 7
  401. VIII
    roman numeral 8
  402. IX
    roman numeral 9
  403. X
    roman numeral 10
  404. XI
    roman numeral 11
  405. XX
    roman numeral 20
  406. XXX
    roman numeral 30
  407. XXXX or XL
    roman numeral 40
  408. L
    roman numeral 50
  409. LX
    roman numeral 60
  410. LXX
    roman numeral 70
  411. LXXX
    roman numeral 80
  412. C
    roman numeral 100
  413. LXXXX or XC
    roman numeral 90
Author
harstanner
ID
51282
Card Set
April5Shannon
Description
April5Shannon
Updated