what is the most common oral lining mucosa: (keratinized or non-keratinized?)
NON-keratinized
buccal and labial mucosa
alveolar mucosa
floor of the mouth
ventral surface of the tongue
soft palate
these all fall into the category of ________ mucosa, _________ mucosa
oral
lining
what are 4 clinical considerations of the oral mucosa lining mucosa?
sutures
fordyce's spots/granules
easier to inject
infections spread quickly
what are fordyce's spots/granules?
misplaced sebaceous glands-yellow, very common
rubbery surface texture is _________ mucosa
masticatory
T/F masticatory mucosa is resilient
True
what are the three parts of the mouth that are masticatory mucosa?
attached gingiva
hard palate
dorsal surface of the tongue
T/F masticatory mucosa can be orthokeratinized or parakeratinized
why yes it can!
what is the least common in the oral cavity? masticatory mucosa __________
orthokeratinized
if a cell is orthokeratinized, what does that mean?
it has no nuclei
what protects against physical, chemical microbial attack?
orthokeratinized (masticatory mucosa)
what protects from dehydration and heat loss?
orthokeratinized (masticatory mucosa)
what color is an orthokeratinized cell?
white
parakeratinized means what?
the cell has a nuclei
what type of cell is associated with higher level of attached gingiva?
parakeratinized (masticatory mucosa)
what has special protection against bacterial invasion, mechanical irritation, dryness?
masticatory mucosa parakeratinized
name three clinical considerations of masticatory mucosa:
sutures RARELY needed
injections DIFFICULT (not deep, harder)
LONGER healing time (24 days)
what are the two types of hyperkeratinization?
non-keratinized
keratinized
hyperkeratinization, non-keratinized may transform into _________ in response to trauma
keratinized
name 2 examples of hyperkeratinized non-keratinized responses to trauma:
linea alba
masticatory habits
hyperkeratinization, keratinized is occurring in response to _________ trauma
chemical
heat from smoking or hot fluids is what keratinization?
hyperkeratinization
can hyperkeratinization, keratinized be reversed if trauma is removed?
yes sir!
somatitis if referred to:
smoking
what mucosa is found on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue along with papilla?
specialized mucosa
inner lips and cheeks are what type of mucosa?
labial and buccal
labial/buccal mucosa is extremely _________, opaque ________, shiny, and moist.
thick
pink
T/F labial/buccal mucosa is compressible (adipose tissue) and stretches easily
true
________ and ________ mucosa function as ____ unit
labial
buccal
one
what mucosa lines the vestibules of the oral cavity?
alveolar mucosa
what type of attachment is alveolar mucosa?
loose attachment
the floor of the mouth and ________ _________ function as one unit
ventral tongue
the floor of the mouth and ventral tongue have ______ tissue, _______-________ in color, moist and shiny, and ________
thin
reddish-pink
mobile
attached gingiva is part of the ____________ junction
mucogingival
what is opaque pink with pigmentation and stippled?
attached gingiva
what is pink, firm, and IMMOBILE?
hard palate
the medial portion is firmer than the lateral on the hard palate because of the ________ ________ _________
median palatine suture
three clinical considerations with keratinization:
tissue grafting
free gingival graft
subepithelial connective tissue graft
the subepithelial ct graft is from the _________ ________, creates more cells. more ________, has a base layer and repairs _______
lamina propria
vascular
nestle QUICK
what part of the tongue is tightly packed striated muscle bundles with little adipose tissue?
anterior 2/3
which part of the tongue is less mobile, bulkier, and has less adipose tissue?
posterior 1/3
what are the 2 mucosal layers on the dorsal surface of the tongue?
masticatory mucosa
specialized mucosa
the specialized mucosa of the dorsal tongue is:
tongue papilla
the masticatory mucosa of the dorsal tongue covers the _________ __________
muscle tissue
T/F the taste bud cells are associated with fungiform, foliate, circumvallate, and filiform papilla.
FALSE!!!!! NOT FILIFORM
there is a ________ turnover time for taste bud cells
muy muy RAPIDo!
what are the 4 fundamental taste sensations?
sweet
sour
bitter
salty
where on the tongue are the taste sensations?
CENTRAL PORTION
taste cells transmit ________
taste!
what is a taste pore?
opening to the taste bud
which part of the tongue is supporting?
outer portion
which is the most common of the papilla of the tongue?
FILIFORM papilla
filiform papilla is located on the ________ surface of the tongue
dorsal
what is the shape of filiform papilla? what do they help do?
fine pointed cones-towards pharynx to help shunt food.
filiform papilla are ___-___mm
2-3mm
what kind of texture do filiform papilla have?
velvety
increased keratin of filiform papilla = _________ (color)
white
T/F filiform papilla are NOT taste buds
TRUE this time!
what is the function of filiform papilla?
to guide the food back into the pharynx
which papilla are LESS common?
fungiform papilla
the fungiform papilla are located on the ________ of the tongue, not near the _______ _______
dorsum
sulcus terminalis
what shape are fungiform papilla?
mushroom
fungiform papilla are ____mm
1 mm
the color of fungiform papilla are _______ dots, meaning highly _______
reddish
vascular
the function of fungiform papilla is ________ ________
taste (the rainbow!) sensation
foliate papilla are like _____ or ______
gills
vents
foliate papilla are located on the _________ ________ portion of the tongue
posterior lateral
there are _____-_____ vertical ridges of foliate papilla
4-11
foliate papilla are ______ shaped
leaf
taste buds are located on the ________ ________ of foliate papilla
lateral portion
do you get to taste (the rainbow) with foliate papilla?
yes! (only if you eat skittles)
there are _____-_____ circumvallate papilla on the tongue
7-15
the location of circumvallate papilla are located just _______ to the ______ ________; inverted ___ shaped row facing the pharynx
anterior
sulcus terminalis
V
what are the shape of circumvallate papilla?
mushroom shaped
what salivary glands are located in the circumvallate papilla?
Von Ebners
T/F there is a circular trough/trench in the circumvallate papilla to keep the taste buds hydrated at all times.
FALSE! to keep the taste buds CLEANED OUT!
are circumvallate papilla used for taste?
yep!
what are the clinical considerations of the tongue?
geographic tongue
black hairy tongue
the location of geographic tongue appears on the ________ _______
dorsal surface
what is the color of geographic tongue?
red to paler pink to white paches
what is the cause of geographic tongue?
changes in FILIFORM papilla (going from parakeratinized-red to orthokeratinized-white)
sore, burning, trauma, hereditary, may not have symptoms are:
geographic tongue
what is the treatment for geographic tongue?
haha, there isn't any. it is non-pathologic
what is black hairy tongue?
the lack of shedding, use tongue scraper, brush tongue. it is caused by meds, coffee, and smoking. GROSS!
black hairy tongue is present on the _______ surface of the tongue
dorsal
normal shedding of _________ does not occur with black hairy tongue
FILIFORM
there will be fungal overgrowth due to high doses of _______ or ________ with black hairy tongue
antibiotics
radiation
what does black hairy tongue look like?
thick layer of dead cells and keratin-extrinsically stained by tobacco, meds, oral chromogenic bacteria
what are clinical considerations of mucosa turnover time?