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Pectoralis Major Superior
 Patient supine- Stabilize the opposite shoulder
- Test –Elbow extended;
- shoulder at 90o flexion with slight medial rotation; adducted towards sternal end of clavicle
- Pressure is on forearm in the direction of horizontal abduction
- Innervation - Lateral Pectoral Nerve
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Pectoralis Major Inferior
 Patient Supine- Stabilize on opposite iliac crest
- Test – elbow extended, shoulder in flexion and slight medial rotation
- Pressure – Obliquely against forearm, in a lateral and cranial direction
- Innervation - Medial & Lateral Pectoral Nerve
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Serratus Anterior
 - Patient – Supine
- Stabilize – Under the shoulder at the inferior angle of the scapula
- Abduction of the scapula projects arm anterior (upward)
- Pressure S to I holding proximal to the patient’s wrist.
- Innervation - Long Thoracic Nerve
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Teres Major
 - Patient prone
- Stabilize opposite shoulder
- Test – Extension and adduction of humerus in medial rotation
- Pressure – against the arm above the elbow in direction of abduction and flexion
- Innervation - Lower Subscapular nerve
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Teres Minor
 - Patient seated, elbow at 90 degrees and arm slightly abducted.
- Doctor stabilizes upper arm away from elbow
- Test – lateral rotation of the humerus with the elbow held at a right angle
- Pressure – use forearm as a lever, pressure applied to medially rotate humerus
- Innervation - Axillary
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Trapezius Superior
 Patient Seated- Test – Instruct patient to laterally flex head towards the side being tested, elevate that shoulder and rotate head away
- Pressure – against the side of the head and shoulder as if to separate them
- Innervation - Spinal Accessory
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Rhomboids
 Patient Seated- Patient’s elbow is flexed and shoulder slightly adducted
- Stabilize on shoulder
- Apply pressure as in a circular motion towards flexion and abduction
- Innervation - Dorsal Scapular Nerve
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Lattisimus Dorsi
 Patient Standing- Test – Adduction of arm with extension, in the medially rotated position
- Against forearm in direction of abduction and slight flexion of arm
- Stabilize the shoulder being tested
- Innervation - Thoracodorsal
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Supraspinatous
 - Patient Standing
- Stabilize the opposite upper arm
- Test – To isolate the muscle, patient is instructed to laterally flex head towards side being tested, extend head and rotate away.
- Abduct arm approximately 15-20 degrees and press on forearm lateral to medial
- Innervation - Suprascapular nerve
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