1. Cultural pluralism – occurs when racial and ethnic groups cooperate while still retaining their distinctive identities and lifestyles
- 2. Assimilation – a process in which minority groups lose their distinctive identities and
- conform to cultural patterns of the dominant group
a. Cultural assimilation – a minority is encouraged or required to adopt the host group’s culture
b. Structured assimilation – where members of the minority group are encouraged or required to participate in social organizations (schools, churches, workforce)
c. Marital assimilation – where the minority group is encouraged or permitted to marry members of the dominant group
3. Segregation – the physical or social exclusion of minority groups from dominant group activities
a. Done by law (de jure segregation)
b. Done by customs and norms (de facto segregation )
4. Genocide – the sytematic killing of one category of people by another