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Pluralism:
- Requires that racial and ethnic categories, although distinct, be given roughly equal social standing.
- ~U.S. Society is pluralistic in that all people in the US, regardless of race or ethnicity , have equal standing under the law
- ~U.S. society is not pluralistic in that all racial and ethnic categories do not have equal social standing.
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Assimilation is the process by which:
- minorities gradually adopt the patterns of the dominant culture.
- ~Assimilation involves changes in dress, language, religion, values, and friends
- ~Assimilation is a strategy to escape prejudice and discrimination and to achieve upward social mobility
- ~ some categories of people have assimilated more than others
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Segregation:
- Is the physical and social separation of categories of people.
- ~Although some segregation is voluntary (for example, the Amish), majorities usually segregate minorities by excluding them from neighborhoods, schools, and occupations.
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Genocide:
- Is the systematic killing of one category of people by another.
- ~Historical examples; jews by nazis, westernized cambodians by Pol Pot.
- ~ still happens today b, Rwanda, Serbs killing bosnians, balkans of estern europe.
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Pluralism:
A state in which people of all races and ethnicities are distinct but have equal social standing.
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Assimilation:
The process by which minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture.
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miscegenation:
biological reproduction by partners of different racial categories.
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Segregation:
The physical and social separation of categories of people.
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African Americans:
experienced two centuries of slavery. Emancipation in 1865 gave way to segregation by law (jim crow law). 1950s and 1960s civil rights movements.
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WASPS
white anglo-saxon protestants. The majority of america.
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Scapegoat Theory:
holds that prejudice springs from frustration among people who are themselves disadvantaged (dollard 1939).
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Authoritarian personality Theory:
People who show strong prejudice toward one minority usually are intolerant of all minorities. Ridgly conform to conventional cultural values and see moral issues as clear-cut matters of right and wrong.
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Culture Theory:
Prejudice is part of the culture in which we all live and learn.
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Conflict Theory:
A tool used by powerful people to justify privilege for themselves but also to oppress others.
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