Resp. lecture 2 (Upper resp disorders)

• Most common resp tract infection
• Highly contagious even more symptoms occur
• Caused by one of the more that 200 strains of viruses
• Spread by droplet contamination during cauging, sneezing, or direct contact

Red nasal membranes, Rhinnorrhea, sore throat, low grade fever, malaise, HA, musc ache

Can treat with OTC. Need bedrest. Hydrate well. Have HTN? if they do make sure they take the right meds

may end up with virus and pneumonia--antibiotic won't work--may get secondary complication such as otitis media of sinusitis.

• A highly contagious disease characterized by corysa (cold like symptoms), fever, cough, HA, malaise.
• Usually occurs as epidemic.

• An inflammation of the mucous membranes of one or more of the sinuses. develops when nasal membranes swell and sinuses are blocked.
• May be complication of URI or influenza.

Viral or bacterial inflammation of infection, commonly group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus

• pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids)- upper pharynx
• palantine tonsils- on either side of the soft palate in the throat

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose, usually accompanied by a severe discharge of secretions

• (Croup)
• Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and major bronchi

Usually caused by H. flu, a rapidly progressive cellulitis which threatens the airway by causing edema of the epiglottis; may prevent movement or air in and out of the lungs

Inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the larynx , causes edema of the vocal cords, horseness and aphonia (without speech)

A contagious desease cause by Cornebacterium diptheriae, spread by droplet infection; rare due to routine immunizations in childhood; thick, grey membrane forms and affects tonsils and pharynx.

• (Whooping cough)
• Highly contagious, caused by Bordetella pertusis; has been rare due to routine childhood immunizations, but is reappearing; toxins from the bacteria interfere with the ability of the pt to clear resp secretions

• (nose bleed)
• precipitated by trauma, dry nasal membranes, infection, substance abuse, hypertension, bleeding disorder, anticoagulants; unually affects anterior nasal septum

Most common is a broken bone, bilateral fracture is most common where both nasal bones are disphaced to one side; will also usually experience black eyes, swelling, and bony crepitus

A congenital obstruction of the posterior nares by an obstructing membrane of bony growth

A bending or shifting of the nasal septum causing a blockage, usually a result of injury or infection; requires surgery to correct

Benign "grape-like" growths of the mucous membrane; interferes with air movement and often obstruct sinus openings

More common in children--remove only if sure you can get it

Since the larynx is the narrowest portion of the upper airway, any obstruction may be life-treatening

May be result of MVA, assults, difficult intubation, soft tissue trauma, fracture of the thyroid or cricoid cartilage

An interrmittent absence of airflow through the mouth and nose during sleep

A pathological disorder causes an impairment in the neurological drive to the resp muscles

• Benign--
• Malignant--