smoke burn 1

  1. combustion of carbon-based products in smoke or as a by-product w/out smoke is caused by
    CO carbon monoxide
  2. combustion of polyurethane-rich materials (nylon, various types of upholsteries) in smoke is caused by
    HCN hydrogen cyanide poisoning
  3. 4 factors to consider in burn injury
    • size and depth or degree of the skin burn
    • heat and chemical composition of gases inhaled
    • extent and duration of exposure
    • age and preexisting health status of the pt
  4. pathophysio of burns

    early stage
    first 24 hours post burn/inhalation
  5. pathophysio of burns

    intermediate stage
    2-7 days pot burn/inhalation
  6. pathophysio of burns

    late stage
    >7 days post burn/inhalation
  7. early stage

    thermal injury usually confined to 5 upper airways
    • face
    • oral
    • nasal cavaties
    • pharynx
    • trachea
  8. early stage

    thermal injury to the lower resp tract is spared and protected by (2)
    • cooling of hot gases by upper airway
    • reflexive laryngospasm and glottic closure
  9. early stage

    chemical injury can affect
    lower respiratory tract

    -inhalation of toxic gases/soot particles
  10. early stage

    large skin burns and smoke inhalation injury may cause: 6
    • inc pulm and bronchial blood flow
    • inc pulm vascular pressures
    • inc pulm and systemic cap permeability
    • pulm and systemic edema
    • cardiac failure
    • surfactant dysfunction
  11. early stage

    ____ lung compliance
    _____ airway resistance
  12. early stage

    2 types of v/q mismatch
    • hypoxemia
    • resp alkalosis usually
  13. 4 types of cardiovascular changes
    • dec cardiac output
    • bp normal to low
    • tachycardia
    • hemolysis and dic (dissmenated intravascular coagulation) can occur
  14. if oxygen supply is reduced resulting in lactic acidosis and damaging non burned tissues, what may follow
    anaerobic metabolism
  15. intermediate stage

    resp distrass may increase and evolve into resp failure due to
    • ince carbon dioxide production
    • oxygen consumption from hypermetabolism
  16. intermediate stage

    fluid resuscitation may induce
    pulm edema
  17. mucus plugs -> airway obstruction=
    atelectasis
  18. can ards and respiratory or cardiac arrest occur during intermediate stage
    yes
  19. if inhalation injury, upper airway edema begins to resolve btwn days
    2 and 4
  20. hypermetabolic state cont during which stage?
    intermediate stage
  21. when burns to the chest are present, pt is unable to reathe deeply due to: (5)
    • pain
    • narcotics
    • immobility
    • inc airway resistance
    • dec lung and chest wall compliance
  22. late stage

    hypermetabolic rate cont may persist to how many weeks?
    1-3
  23. potential for pneumonia is high in which stage?
    late stage
  24. infection is most common problem in which stage
    late stage
Author
Anonymous
ID
51047
Card Set
smoke burn 1
Description
1 smoke burn
Updated