T/F Dementia or AD symptoms may appear in some PD patients
True
Non-motor symptoms occur ______ in PD
early
Postmortem diagnosis is due to loss of neuromelanin-rich dopaminergic neurons in the _____ ____.
Substantia nigra
Lewy bodies account for _%_ of clinical diagnosis.
85%
Lewy bodies contain
neurofilament proteins
lipids
ubiquitin
alpha-synuclein
Direct pathway is mediated by __ receptor and indirect is mediated by __ receptor.
D1, D2
Direct path goes from striatum to the _______ _____. Indirect goes from Striatum through ___ and ______.
Globus pallidus internal
GPe
Nigro-striatal
In PD ______ of DA in striatum leads to (more/less) stimulation on striatal GABA-releasing neurons innervating the ____ _____ ______.
Depletion
Less
Globus pallidus internal
In PD _______ of dopamine in striatum leads to (more/less) inhibition via D2 on the STN glutamate releasing neurons. Therefore, the stimulatory action on GABA releasing in GPi is ________.
Depletion
Increased
Non motor symptoms of PD
Sensory
sleep- insomnia, vivid dreams
psychiatric- depression, apathy, hallucinate
GI- constipated
Bladder disturbance
fatigue
Movement pathway includes the ______ __ pathway
Nigrostriatal DA pathway
T/F Protein folding is the main cause of formation of lewy bodies and cell damage
true
Park1-a-synuclein
3 mis sense mutations
unfolded protein
a-synuclein found in lewy bodies
Park2 (parkin)
account for 50% autosomal recessive PD
overexpression toxic to DA neurons
DJ-1 Park7
Loss of function
DJ-1 knock out mice increased sens. to MPTP induced loss of nigral DA neurons
Pink1 Park 6
Mitochondrial dysfunction
increase sensitivity to DA toxins
Park 8 LRRK2
Leucine rich repeast Kinase 2
synaptic vissicle recycling
T/F lower incidicene of PD in caffeine drinkers and smokers
