PBD 4 Alzheimers

Who was the first alzheimers patient?

T/F alzheimers is considered a common form of dementia.
True False

What is the most commmon neuro degenerative disease?

Who is more likely to get alzheimers (gender wise)

Florida has _#_ of dementia patients as of 2010

Sporadic AD represents what percent of cases. When is its onset age normally?

T/F familial AD is the most common case.
True False

Three clinical stages of AD

Early stage AD shows a degeneration of _____ neurons. This results in what?

Mid stage AD shows degeneration of ____ lobe and affects what?

late stage AD neurogeneration spreads ______.

Clinical tests to diagnose AD are

New clinical diagnosis for AD

T/F definitive diagnosis for AD can be done while someone is conscious.
True False

AD brains have _____ gyrus and a ____ sulcus. They also have a dilated _____.

Amyloid plaques are ___-cellular whereas neurofibrillary tangles are ____-cellular

The core of amyloid plaques is made up of

other components of amyloid plaques include

APP stands for __ ___ ___. What are its 3 major variants? Where is the gene located?

Functions of APP

T/F sAPP is soluble and does not form aggregates.
True False

alpha secretase cleavage causes formation of sAPP alpha into the ______ space

sAPPa regulates ____ levels and stimulates _____ _____.

Intracellular domain of sAPPa acts as adaptor protein for _-protein.

gamma secretase occurs ____ the membrane

AB 1-40 and 1-42 form ____ ____.

T/F AB 1-42 is more soluble than AB 1-40
True False

T/F amyloid fibrils act as centers for deposition by other proteins.
True False

AB peptides activate protein phosphorylation through this protein

T/F AB peptides are toxic to neurons
True False

T/F release of A-beta peptides are abnormal physiological events
True False

mutations cause an (increase/decrease) of AB (1-40/42)

Less sufficient alpha secretase causes an (increase/decrease) of AB (1-40/42)

KNOW SLIDE 42!

Presenilins 1 and 2 are membane proteins with ____ trans-membrane domains

Familial mutations is PS1 and PS2 increase gamme secretase activity leading to

PS1 mutations are responsible for _%_ of early onset AD

PS2 mutations make up for _%_ of early onset AD

APP with downs syndrome has an (increased/decreased) APP expression which creates (more/less) AB1-40/42 and responsible for ____ formation at age 12.

Neurofibrillary tangles have microtubules with a diameter of __nm-______nm

Microtubule associated proteins include

Tau is found on chromosome __, it contains _ isoforms. It is important in proper neuronal axonal transport.

Increased phosphorylation of Tau and ubiquitylation causes formation of

PHF stands for ___ ___ ____ formed by detached ____ molecules.

GSK-3B and Cylin dependent kinase 5 are causes of _____ ____.

T/F E4/E4 has the lowest risk for AD
True False

Apolipoprotein E4 is located on what chromosome?

Most abundant apolipoprotein is

T/F ApoE4 does affect APP expression
True False

ApoE4 enhances _______ of AB and decreases _____ of AB.

Drugs for AD are mainly