Science Test

a property of matter that describes a substance's ability to participate in chemical reactions

a characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change, such as density, color, or hardness

a change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties

a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties

the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into a sheet

the ability of a substance to be hammered thin or drawn out into a wire

anything that has mass and takes up space

ability to catch fire

the rate at which a substance transfers thermal energy

the ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure.

a measure of the size of a body or region in three-dimensional space

a measure of the amount of matter in an object.

the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance; commonly expressed as grams per cubic centimeter for solids and liquids and as grams per liter for gases

• a measure of how hot (or cold) something is.
• a measure of how fast particles are moving.

rapidly moving particles constantly collide with each other and with the walls of the container.

the temperature and pressure at which a solid becomes a liquid

• the temperature and pressure at which a liquid and a gas are in equilibrium
• evaporation is happening throughout the liquid

• the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas
• example: dry ice

the change of state from a liquid to a gas

the change of state from a gas to a liquid

the change of state in which a solid becomes a liquid by adding heat or changing pressure

the change of state in which a liquid becomes a solid as heat is removed

the change of state from a liquid into a gas

(P1)(V1)=(P2)(V2)

• V1=V2
• T1=T2

the law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes

the capacity of a substance to combine chemically with another substance

a reaction that removes one or more electrons from a substance such that the substance's valence or oxidation state increases; in geology, the process by which a metallic element combines with oxygen

the process in which an electric current is used to produce a chemical reaction, such as the decomposition of water

• heat is absorbed from the environment
• gain of energy

• system releases heat into the environment
• loss of heat

the state of matter in which the volume and shape of a substance are fixed

the state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape

a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape

• a state of matter that starts as a gas and then becomes ionized;
• it consists of free-moving ions and electrons
• it can conduct electricity

the physical forms of matter, which are solid, liquid, gas, and plasma

• Orderly three-dimentional arrangement of atoms or molecules
• ex. quarts, crystals, ice.

• Atoms that are in no particular order
• ex. glass, rubber

the force that holds molecules of a single material together

the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to minimize the area of the surface

the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow