Drugs and behavior ch 9

  1. psychostimulant
    • term used because in low to moderate doses these drugs produce heightened mood
    • increaced vigilance
    • increased altertness
    • decreased fatigue
    • decreased tendency to fall alseep
  2. examples of psychostimulants
    • caffine
    • amphetamines
    • methylphenidate pemoline
    • cocaine
    • nicotine
    • methcathinoe
    • modafinil
  3. caffine
    is the most widely used bahaviorally active drug in the world
  4. methylxanthines
    caffine has of the several substances reffered to as ....
  5. caffine effects
    • raises blood pressure slightly
    • variable heart rate change
    • increased reactivity
  6. the effects of caffine are dependent on
    • dose
    • task demands
    • gender of the subject
    • typical level of arousal of the subject
  7. amphetamines
    these drugs exert distinct emotional and cognitive effects, which may account for their popluar recreational use and abuse problems
  8. l-amphetamine
    d-amphetamine (Dexedrine) most potent of the two
    two isomers that amphetamine is made up from
  9. dl-amphetamine (Benzedrine) "bennies"
    combination of the two isomers that make amphetamine
  10. methamphetamine (methadrine) "speed" "crank" "ice"
    a minor modification in the amphetamine molecule yeilds the slightly more potent
  11. methylphenidate (Ritalin)
    other compounds with very similar molecule structures to amphetamine have been synthesized
  12. behavioral effects related to amphetamine
    • the task requirements
    • the normal frequency of the behavior
    • the dose
    • individual characterists
  13. clinical uses to amphetamine and related drugs
    • asthma
    • narcolepsy
    • ADHD
  14. ice
    a form of methamphetamine hydrochloride can be inhaled through smoking
  15. catecholamines (CAs)
    amphetamines have neuropharmocological properties that enhance the level of ....in the synaptic cleft
  16. nucleus accumbens
    although amphetamine and related psychostimulants enhance monoamine activity throughout the nervous system most studies have indicated that the primary reward properties of these drugs are due to their ability to enhance dopaminergic activity in a part of the limbic system called
  17. crash
    when the individual stops taking amphetamine after a few days of moderate to heavy amphetamine exposure they generally ..... that is they experience exhaustion depression, lethargy, and hunger
  18. problems associated with malnutrition
    nonhealing ulcers
    high blood pressure
    brain damage resulting from restricted blood flow to the brain
    effects of chronic amphetamine exposure
  19. antidepressant and anti-fatigue properties
    the earliest leading proponent of cocaine's clinical use for it ......
  20. asthma
    cocaine was later used as a therapy for .....
  21. amphetamine
    high doses of cocaine induce the same psychopathological effects noted earlier with regard to ,,,,
  22. tactile disturbances (formication)
    (snow lights)
    the most common of the perceptual changes and pseudohallucinations are .........in which there is a sensation of bugs running over the skin (.....) and visual disturbances (....)
  23. sniffing (snorting)
    absorbed through the nasal membranes
    in north america and other developed countries cocaine hydrochloride is commonly self-admin by ...... so it can be ...........
  24. alkaloid (base)
    because cocaine hydrochloride is volatilized at temps. that degrade it in order for it to be effective when smokes it must be reconverted to it.........state
  25. free-basing
    crack
    the process of smoking cocaine is called........ and in its crystalline form the compound is commonly referred to as ....
  26. local anesthetic properties
    block neural conduction
    cocaine has....... because of its ability to ....
  27. CNS effects
    inhibit the reuptake of CAs from the synaptic cleft.
    cocaines .......effects are medicated primarily by its potent ability to ....
  28. smoking (free basing)
    when administered intravenously or through ........ aka....... cocaine can induce a very strong psychological dependence
Author
Jerica2821
ID
50611
Card Set
Drugs and behavior ch 9
Description
ch 9 quiz 7
Updated