Social 30 Chapter 5

Restricting freedom of expression or freedom of access to ideas or works to protect the perceived common good.

The political act of disagreeing; the right to disagree.

A government system that seeks complete control over the public and private lives of citizens.

A Russian Marxist revolutionary and communist politician who led the October Revolution (1917). As leader of the Bolsheviks, he led the Soviet state during its initial years. He fought to establish control of Russia in the Russian civil war and worked to create a socialist system.

1917. Russian Revolution, a series of economic and social upheavals, a reaction to the uncontrolled capitalism in pre-revolutionary Russia where the means of production were in the hands of a small group of people (the bourgeoisie) who benefited from the working conditions of the proletariat (working classes). The Bolsheviks (communists), under Lenin, sought to destroy the class-based system and provide better living and working conditions for all.

A government system that seeks complete control over the public and private lives of its citizens. It attempts such control through a hierarchically organized society dictated by a single political party run by a leader or small elite.

• -a secret police
• -indoctrination
• -censorship

At the start of the 20^th century, Russia was an autocracy under Tsar Nicholas II. Russia was still primarily agrarian and only beginning to experience the effects of the Industrial Revolution. Those who moved to cities expecting more opportunities experienced the living and working conditions typical of 19^th century industrialization under capitalism. The Tsar's government was inefficient and authoritarian. The outbreak of WW1 intensified the problems in Russia and paved the way for the Russian Revolution. Radical communism was able to emerge as the dominant ideology and molded Russia into the USSR.

Following WW1, Germany had been humiliated by the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. The liberal democratic government in Germany in 1918 was not able to implement stable government. Reparations, political instability, and economic challenges resulted in hyperinflation. Eventually, through the charismatic leadership of Hitler, the Nazis establish the Third Reich.

1933. A suspension of all power in the Reichstag (parliament) which would give Hitler power to rule by decree for 4 years.

1935. Laws that systematically suspended all civil and human rights of the Jewish population in Germany.

An economic policy where all land is taken away from private owners and combined in large, collectively worked farms.

A system with property vested in the community and each member working for the common good according to each person's needs and abilities.

Extreme, right-wing, antidemocratic nationalist movement which led to totalitarian forms of government in Germany and Italy (1929-1940s).

Opposing change. Idealizes the past.

Extreme, revolutionary, rejecting traditional political and economic systems.

Freeing from restraint (legally, socially, politically).

An organization of revolutionaries under Lenin which became the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

The parliament of the German Empire.

American banks lent money to the German government, allowing Germany to continue making reparation payments according to the Treaty of Versailles. Left Germany in debt.

A form of government with authority in the hands of an elite group.

Use of people to take the blame for someone else's actions.

A communication of information to rally support for a cause.

Leader of the USSR after the death of Lenin.

Wealthy farmers that owned private farms.

Soviet labor camps that held criminals to political prisoners?

Self-sufficiency/independence from other countries.

The practice of improving the genetic composition of a population.

A social system where males are the primary authority figure.