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Melody
single line of notes heard in succession as a coherent unit
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Rhythm
ordering of music through time
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Harmony
sound created by multiple voices playing or singing together
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Texture
based on the number and general relationship of musical lines or voices
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Timbre
character of a sound
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Dynamics
same music can be performed at many degrees of volume from very soft to very loud
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Form
single melody is usually too short to constitute a complete work of music
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Genre
different forms of music
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Monophonic
- a single melody performed by one or many
- all singing same line of music
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Homophonic
single melody with harmony
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Polyphonic
melody is begun in one voice and is repeated by another group before the first group finishes or more than one different melodies at the same time
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Vernacular
language of the people
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Salve Regina
- Middle Age
- monophonic
- gregorian chant
- pope gregorys plainchant
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Play of Virtues
- Middle Age
- Hildegard von Bingen
- Monophonic
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Behold Spring
- Middle ages
- Francesco Landini
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Dorian mode
more of a minor sound
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Renaissance
- humanism
- intellectual movement
- step away from church
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The Cricket
- Renaissance
- Josquin des Prez
- polyphonic
- word painting
- a cappella
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Since Robin Hood
- Renaissance
- Thomas Weelkes
- duple and triple meter
- polyphony
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Sing Joyfully
- Renaissance
- William Byrd
- polyphony
- Melisma
- vocal timbre
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Baroque
- Ornate
- Busy/highly decorated
- lots of melisma
- long phrases
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Orpheus
- Baroque
- Monteverdi
- homophony
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Recitative
- more pronounced
- doesn't hang together like a tune
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Basso Continuo
- 2 instruments-lute and organ
- one instrument to play chords, one to sustain long notes
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Chord
more than one note played at a time
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Little Fugue in G minor
- Baroque
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- polyphony
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Fugue
polyphonic work based on one central theme
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The four seasons winter
- Baroque
- Antonio Vivaldi
- Ritornello (return of orchestra)
- harpsichord
- violin
- polyphony
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Concerto
one instrument contrasted with orchestra
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Brandenburg Concerto no. 2 3rd movement
- Baroque
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- basso continuo
- long melodies
- polyphony
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Water music suite (rigaudon)
- Baroque
- George Frederic Handel
- fast dance in duple meter
- AABB
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A voice calls to us
- Baroque
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- homophonic
- ritornello (intro/interlude)
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Messiah
- Baroque
- George Frederic Handel
- recitative
- aria
- ritornello
- melisma
- homo, mono, poly
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Recitative
- like a declarative
- not as melodic more like a sung speech
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Melisma
one syllable with many notes
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Sonota Form
- Act 1- Exposition
- Act 2- Development
- Act 3- Recapitulation
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Rondo
A always comes back
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Classical Era
- age of enlightenment
- power of knowledge and reason in self-determination
- critical thinking
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Classical music
- balanced, tuneful melodic phrases
- simple harmonies
- light accompaniment
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String Quartet in C major op. 76 no. 3 second movement
- classical
- franz joseph haydn
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Symphony no. 102 in B flat major 3rd and 4th movement
- Classical
- Franz Joseph Haydn
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Symphony no. 40 in G minor k. 550 1st movement
- classical
- Wolfgang Amadeuss Mozart
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Romanticism
- imagination
- longing
- individual emotion
- adventure
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Symphony no. 5 in C minor op. 67 1st movement
- Romanticism
- Ludwig Van Beethoven
- short short short long
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Erlkonig
- Romanticism
- Franz Schubert
- trotting sound
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Symphonie Fantastique "march to the scaffold"
- Romanticism
- Hector Berlioz
- execution
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Mazurka in B-flat op. 7 no 1
- Romanticism
- Frederic Chopin
- Polish folk dance
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La Traviata
- Romanticism
- Guiseppe Verdi
- declamatory
- virtuostic- melisma
- lyrical
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Leitmotifs
orchestra supports story line and moves the story along
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The Valkyrie
- Romanticism
- Richard Wagner
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Wotan's spear
- descending scale
- forceful timbre
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Sleep
- Descending chromatic scale
- no sense of closure
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The sword
- Wotan is singing
- singing the melody of the sword
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