-
how was depression treated in the 50's and 60's?
with electroshock therapy ECT
-
what are the 3 major disorders?
- neurosis
- phychosis
- affective disorders
-
neurosis
- distressing but still understands reality
- nervous and scared but don't know why
- treated with minor tranqs
-
psychosis
- impairment of reality
- delusions, hallucinations, bizarre behavior
-
affective disorders
- mood/feelings expressed outward appearance
- 2 major emotions-depression/mania
-
benzodiazepines are the...
- most common drugs for anxiety/neurosis
- effect emotional behavior,provide sedation,decrease tension
- xanax/valium
-
antidepressant drugs treat what?
- anxiety associated with depression
- cymbalta/prozac
-
psychosis
- total loss of reality/chemical imbalance
- hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behaviors
-
*schizophrenia
- most common form of psychosis
- disturbed sense of self, inappropriate emotional reactions, and withdrawal frm external world
-
treatment of psychosis
- antipsychotic drugs/neuroleptics/major tranq
- block receptors in brain that control emotion
- NOT consider addictive
-
zyprexa is a drug that dissolves in mouth in 5-15 sec for pts bc...
schizos/psychotic pts dont stay on their meds!!
-
*phenothiazine can cause what
tardive dyskinesia
-
*symptoms of tardive dyskinesia are...
involuntary, repetive movements of face, smacking lips, chewing, rocking back and forth, humming
-
drugs that counteract with tardive dyskinesia
lithium/reserpine
-
affective disorders have 2 major emotions-depression/mania
- depression occurs daily & interferes with everything
- decreased levels of norepinephrine/serotonin
-
antidepressant drugs aka mood-elevating drugs do...
- alleviate symptoms of depression
- increase mental alertness
- normalize sleep patterns
- restore/decrease appetite
- decrease suicide thoughts
-
5 categories of antidepressants
- (1-2)tricyclic/tetracyclic antidepressants
- selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
- monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOs)
-
tricyclic/tetracyclic antidepressants
- prolong action enhance effect of norepinephrine/serotonin in brain help correct low levels. increase sensitivity of receptors making it easier for neurotransmitters to connect
- amitriptyline
-
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs
- serotonin low in pts w/depression, allow available serotonin bind receptors for longer periods of time
- prozac, zoloft
-
serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
- serotonin/norepinephrine are low, drug allows available serotonin/norepinphrine to activate more receptors longer period
- cymbalta
-
monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOs)
- prevent enzyme from breaking down of nore/sero
- rx less frequently due to severe side effects from drug-food interactions
-
mania
- increased levels of norepinphrine in brain
- nore mimics epinephrine cuases to speed up
-
symptoms of mania
- hyperactivity
- euphoria
- think/talk rapidly
- poor judgment
-
bipolar disorder (manic depressant)
- mania and depression together
- topamax, thorazine
-
OCD
- continuing thoughts that cause anxiety or repetitive actions
- celexa, prozac
-
panic attacks/panic disorder
- intense fear can mimic heart attack
- xanax, zoloft
-
social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
- afraid in public areas or @ crowds, stores, meetings, parties
- fear of speaking to strangers
- SSRI/SNRI drugs r used
- paxil, zoloft
-
performance anxiety
- before going on stage
- taking a pill right bf go on
- inderal
-
post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD
- caused by something that happend bf
- brainwave altered increased levels of epinphrine and nore and decreased levels of cortisol
-
symptoms of PTSD
- sleep abnormalities
- headaches
- nausea
- dizziness
- chest pain
- cymbalta/zoloft
-
-
Bulimia
- sees themself overweight binges then pukes
- prozac
-
addiction
- frequent or constant use and abuse either drugs or alcohol
- methadone
- -withdralw from alcohol-librium
-
withdrawal from cocaine/alcohol
topamax
-
ADD
- restlessness, short attention span, easily distracted
- 5xs more common in boys
- ritalin, adderall
|
|