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Thymine is produced as a result of the hydrolysis of
DNA
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What type of bond is broken when DNA unzips and unwinds?
Hydrogen bonds
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When A - T go together what bonds do they make? and how many?
Two hydrogen bonds
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When C-G go together in DNA replication, what bond is made? And how many?
Three hydrogen bonds
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What is recombinant DNA technology?
It is a process by which a DNA sequence from one organism is cloned into another organism or cell
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What is Reconbinant DNA technology used for?
to prepare gene maps, create pharmaceutical drugs, and elucidate molecular event in the biological process
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If a sequence of DNA contains 10% adenine, what will be the percentage of cytosine in the sequence?
40% because since the DNA bases have to equal to 100% and adenine goes with thymine, then adenine will be 10%; leaving cytosine and guanine to be 40% each.
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What are the five primary differences between DNA and RNA?
RNA is single stranded, contains ribose sugar, adenine pairs with uracil, three types, forms linear chains.
DNA is double stranded, contains deoxyribose sugar, adenine pairs with thymine, one type and forms helical chains.
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What are the three types of RNA?
ribosomalRNA, transferRNA, and messengerRNA
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What process is RNA produced by?
transcription
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The process of protein synthesis takes place inside the cell. The production of protiens from mRNA is known as?
Translation
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If a sequence of mRNA is UUA, what is the codon for its respective amino acid?
AAU
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During transcription, how many strands of DNA is trabscribed?
one
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A segment of nRNA contains 40 amino acids. If a single polypeptide chain is to be synthesized, how many ribosomes will be visible on teh nRNA under the electron microscope?
One, during process of protein syntehsis, ribosomes read teh sequence of mRNA and assemble a polypeptide chain. Only one ribosome is required for a single polypeptide chain
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Explain the role of mRNA adn ribosomes in protein synthesis
mRNA carries teh genetic sequence from teh DNA for teh synthesis of the polypeptide chain and ribosomes are teh site for protein synthesis
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A DNA base sequence is given as
ATG GGA ACC CAG ATA
Explain what will happen if ACC undergoes a mutation and is converted into ATC.
The codon ATC, when transcribed, will have the codon UAG, which is a stop codon. This means that the synthesis of the mRNA molecule will stop in between. This will result in the formation of an mRNA molecule coding for only two amino acids tyrosine (UAC) and proline (CCU). When this mRNA is trasnlated, it will result in the formation of an abnormal polypeptide chain because of mutaiton.
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What is a polypeptide?
A peptide consisting of a chain of two or more amino acids which, in turn, make up proteins that contain no more than 100.
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Describe the role of DNA in protein synthesis
DNA contains the genes that code for proteins. At teh time of protein synthesis, DAN acts as a template from which mRNa is synthesized by the process of transcription.
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Decribe the role of mRNA in protein synthesis
mRNA is the molecule containing codons that code for specific amino acids. The mRNA molecule is translated during the process of translation to form a polypeptide chain.
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What is the role of an anticodon in protein synthesis?
ANticodon is a sequence of three nitrogenous bases on teh tRNA molecule that recognises and attaches to teh codon of the mRNA.
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What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
Ribosomes are teh sites for protein synthesis. They bind to the mRNA molecule and take part in translation.
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