-
What are the readings for normal HTN?
120/80
-
What are the readings for pre-HTN?
>139/89
-
What are the readings for Stg I HTN?
140-59 / 90-99
-
What are the readings for Stg II HTN?
160/100 and above.
-
What are the readings for HTN crisis?
180/120 and above
-
What's the goal BP for patients? What about special patients? Those with CKD or DM?
140/90. 130/80
-
What does BB do to body?
- B1 is in heart. Relaxes heart.
- B2 is everywhere else. dilates vessels, bronchodilator, release glucagon, decrease release of renin.
-
You get HTN. What do you give?
BB.
-
Metoprolol/XL is a?
A) B1 selective oral/IV
-
Propranolol/LA is a?
C) Non-selective oral/IV
-
Carvedilol is a?
B) Mixed oral
-
Labetalol is a?
C) Mixed IV
-
Non-DHP CCBs vs CCBs
Non-DHP decreases HR
-
When do you use non-DHP CCBs?
HTN with: angina, ray's pheno, arrhythmias, DM, coronary disease.
-
What do you watch out for when using non-DHP CCBs?
- bradycardia
- HF
- orthostatic hypo
- constipation
-
What is Veramapil?
A) Non-DHP CCB
-
What is Diltiazem?
D) Non-DHP CCB
IV for tachy.
-
When do you use DHP CCBs?
- Add-on to DM and coronary disease
- Angina
- Ray's pheno
- Hypertensive crisis.
-
What to look for when using DHP CCB?
- Reflex tachycardia
- peripheral edema
- HF
-
What are alpha1 blockers do? What you gotta look out for when using these?
Alpha 1 receptors vasoconstricts. If you block it, You dilate. reduces blood pressure by reducing SVR.
Ortho hypotension.
-
What are alpha2 receptors and what do alpha2 agonists do?
Decrease vasoconstriction > low HR/cardiac output.
-
What is clonidine, what does it do? What you have to watch out for?
Alpha-2 agonist. Fights HTN. Watch out for: rebound HTN, depression, ortho hypo.
-
Methyldopa. What does this drug do? What do you have to look out for?
Alpha-2 agonist. 1st line during pregnancies.
-
What are ACE-I? How do they work? When do you use them? What do you have to look out for?
They inhibit the ACE enzyme which converts angioI to angioII. Angio II vasoconstricts. SO if you prevent the ACE enzyme, there is no vasoconstriction.
Use them with HTN patients that have DM, CKD and as an add on to those that had MI or some heart problem already.
Look out for hyperkalemia, people with renal problems.
-
What are ARBs? How do they work? When do you use them? What do you have to look out for when using ARBs?
Directly blocks angio II. So that prevents vasoconstriction.
They work by blocking the receptor angio uses.
Use them when patient can't tolerate ACE-I. Watch out for hyperkalemia and pregnancy.
-
What is lisinopril?
ACE-I
-
-
Difference between diuretics: Loop vs. Thiazide vs. K+ sparing. Which is the strongest? What is the first line for HTN?
Loop acts on the ascending loop, Thazide works on the Distal convoluted tube, K+ works on the Na/K+ pump at the end.
Thiazide.
-
What is Furosemide?
Loop Diuretic
|
|
