-
low shrub
leaf obovate, acute base, bottom entire, upper serrated,
spiky pepper fruits
  
- Clethra alnifolia (leaves like alder)
- Clthraceae; swamp pepperbush, white-alder
- Fruit: capsule
- bee tree
- native americans ate leaves like spinach
-
low shrub (< 3ft)
leaf bottom entire, top half serrated
serrations point to tip
- Ilex glabra (smooth)
- Aquifoliaceae; inkberry
- Fruit: black drupe
- bee tree
- fruit bad for humans, good for songbirds, bear
-
longest needle
thick lateral branches
large cone
white terminal bud
- Pinus palustris (of the swamp)
- Pinaceae; longleaf pine
- *Cone: flat scale, large
- virgin lumber sold as heart pine
- formerly naval stores
- leaves used as mulch
-
often scrubby form
nearly evergreen leaf thick and leathery, glossy, short petiole, some have lobes
- Quercus hemisphaerica (hemispherical nut shape)
- Fagaceae; laurel oak
- *Fruit: nut
- red oak
- sometimes lumped with Quercus laurifolia
-
- Quercus laevis (smooth. i.e. leaves)
- Fagaceae; turkey oak
- *Fruit: nut. cap scales roll under and inside cap
- unlike most oaks, leaves turn bright red in fall
-
- Quercus margaretta
- Fagaceae; dwarf post oak
-
WAKE COUNTY!!!
small crooked tree
semi-evergreen in NC
oblanceolate leaf
lots of brown racemes
- Cyrilla racemiflora (raceme-flowered)
- Cyrillaceae; titi
- fruit: drupe-like
- honey made from this tree can poison honey bee larvae
-
small shrub < 3ft
whorled or opp leaves (2-3/node)
waxy underside
capsule fruit on now
  
- Kalmia angustifolia (narrow-leaved)
- Ericaceae; sheep-kill
- fruit: capsule
- foliage poisonous to humans, livestock
-
small tree in NC, evergreen.
alt simple leaf w/ waxy silver underside (glaucus)
leaves smell sweet, sugary
smooth gray bark
new growth green
- Magnolia virginiana (of VA)
- Magnoliaceae; sweetbay
- *fruit: follicle
- lumber sold as magnolia or yellow-poplar
-
lost leaves already
bark gray w/ irregular ridges
leaves smaller than blackgum
diaphragmed pith
- Nyssa biflora (2-flowered)
- Cornaceae; swamp blackgum
- Fruit: drupe
- tupelo honey source
- OBLIGATE wetland species
- valuable pulpwood
-
fragrant leaves
midvein pubescent on underside
pubescent new growth/twig
s
- Persea palustris (of the swamp)
- Lauraceae; swampbay
- bay leaf sub for cooking
- trees in SC, GA, FL dying from Laurel Wilt disease
-
not associated w/ a river
leaves alt.
entire twigs fall off
- Taxodium distichum var. imbricarium (2-ranked)
- Cupressaceae; pondcypress
- *cone: peltate scales
- Obligate Wetland Species
- wood valuable for siding, shingles, shakes
-
tall, straight, narrow crown
tiny, scale-like, opp, decussate leaf in flat splays
bark has spiraled twisted shaggy ridges
- Chamaecyparis thyoides (similar to Thuja)
- Cupressaceae; Atlantic whitecedar, juniper
- *cone scale: peltate
- OBLIGATE WETLAND SP
- wood decay resistant, valuable
- poles pilings, siding, shingles, boats
- food for rare butterfly
- rapidly disappearing in stands due to inadequate regeneration after logging and conversion to ag or loblolly
-
alt, simple, eliptical evergreen leaf, glabrous, serrated, decurrent base, wedge shaped
narrow crown
older bark has thick dep ridges
capsule egg-shaped w/ long peduncle
- Gordonia lasianthus
- Theaceae (Tea Family); loblollybay, gordonia
- *fruit: capsule
-
small/med shrub
simple, alt, evergreen leathery leaf w/ bristles
undersides have black dots
- Ilex coriacea (leathery)
- Aquifoliaceae; gallberry
- fruit: black drupe
- songbirds
-
small shrub in dense thickets
alt, simple, leathery, evergreen, glabrous, leaf
new twigs are flattened, submarginal vein extends along leaf edge/margin
- Lyonia lucida (shining)
- Ericaceae; staggerbush
- fruit: capsule
-
loblolly cone on peduncle
epicormic branches and sprouts on trunk
longer needles
- Pinus serotina (late)
- Pinaceae; pond pine
- *cone: flat scales
- OBLIGATE WETLAND SP
- lower quality wood
-
< 1ft
tiny, alt. simple evergren leaf
- Vaccinium crassifolium (leaves like Crassula)
- Ericaceae; creeping blueberry
- fruit: berry
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