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List characteristics of a virus
Small. Not Cells. Obiligate Intercellular Parasites:require a host to replicate.Genus/Species names not used in viral classification.
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Viral Structure
Nucleic acid core (DNAorRNA). Capsid. Envelope. Virion. Spikes.
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What are the two types of spikes?
Neuraminidase (NA). Hemagglutinin (HA).
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Function of NA Spike
Allows virus to enter and exit host cell
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Function of HA spike
Allows virus to enter host cell. Causes clumping RBC's
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What happens when a virus has both NA & HA Spikes
Combination of NA & HA maek viral strains Pathagenic
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What do Antiviral medications target?
NA & HA Spikes
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Picornaviridae
- Naked.
- Polyhedral.
- Enterovirus (includes polio), Hepatovirus (Hepatitus A) Rhinovirus (Common Cold).
- 1 copy +sense rna
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Retroviridae
- Enveloped.
- 2 copies of + sence RNA.
- Enzme Reverse Transcription.
- Aids, Invade human immune system.
- Spherical.
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Rhabdoviridae
- Enveloped.
- helical.
- Rabies virus. Infects mammals only. Travels from site of entry to CNS and causes encephalitis. Death occurs in a few days after symptoms.
- 1 copy -sense rna
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Paramyxoviridae
- enveloped.
- Measles, Mumps, Pneumonia, Bronchitis.
- helical capsid.
- 1 copy - sense rna.
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Togaviridae
- Enveloped.
- Polyhedral.
- Rubella, Equine encephalitis.
- 1-copy +sense RNA
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Flaviviridae
- Enveloped.
- polyhedral.
- Flavivirus - yellow fever.
- 1 copy +sense RNA
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Orthomyxoviridae
- Enveloped.
- helical.
- Influenzavirus.
- 1 copy 8 segaments -sense rna
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Reoviridae
- Naked.
- polyhedral capsid.
- dsRNA
- Rotavirus - affects Upper respiratory tract and GI Tract.
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Adenoviridae
- naked.
- Polyhedral.
- linear, dsDNA.
- Human adenovirus - respiratory illness.
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Herpesviridae
- Enveloped.
- polyhedral.
- Linear, dsDNA.
- Herpes I, II, Epsetin-Barr virus, Chicken pox/Shingles Cytomegalovirus.
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Papovaviridae
- Naked.
- polyhedral.
- dsDNA.
- papilloma(rabit), polyoma(mouse), simian(vacuolating) viruses.
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Parvoviridae
- Naked.
- polyhedral.
- 1-strand linear DNA
- Fifths disease, arthritis.
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Emerging Viruses
- Avian influenza.
- Measles.
- Yellow fever.
- Dengue fever.
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Hepadnaviridae
- Enveloped.
- polyhedral.
- dsDNA
- Hepatitis B Virus.
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