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the Buddhist doctrine denying a permanent self
Anatta
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the Buddhist doctrine that all existent things are constantly changing
Anicca
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One who has become enlightened; the ideal type for Theravada Buddhism
Arhat
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Future Buddhas
bodhisattvas
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Siddhartha Gautama and all others who have by their own insight attained perfect enlightenment.
Buddha
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believed to be an incarnation of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara
Dalai Lama
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The teachings of the Buddha, and one of the Three Jewels of Buddhism
Dharma
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the basic Buddhist insight that suffering is part of the human condition.
Dukkha
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The basic moral requirements that are binding for all Buddhists.
Five Precepts
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The central teachings of Buddhism: to live is to suffer; suffering is caused by desirel the cessation of suffering can be achived
Four Noble Truths
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The moral law of cause and effect of actions; determines the nature of one's rebirth
Karma
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The largest of Buddhism's three divisions prevalent in China, Japan, and Korea; encompasses a variety of forms, including those that emphasize devotion and prayer
Mahayana
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Patterned icons that visually excite
Mandalas
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Phrases or syllables chanted to evoke a deity or to enhance meditation
Mantras
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A basic Buddhist teaching that rejexts both the pleasures of sensual indulgence and the self- denial of asceticism, focusing instead on a practical approach to spiritual attainment
Middle Way
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Choreographed hand movements
Mudras
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The ultimate goal of all Buddhists, the extinction of desire and any sense of individual selfhood
nirvana
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defines the basic practices of Buddhism that lead to nirvana
Noble Eightfold Path
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An ancient language of India, similar to Sanskrit but more commonly understood, and used in the writing of the earlies Buddhist texts
Pali
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The wheel of rebirth or reincarnation; the this- worldly realm in which rebirth occurs
Samsara
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The Buddhist community of monks and nuns; one of the Three Jewels of Buddhism
Sangha
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selfish desire, which causes dukkha
Tanha
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Sri Lanka, and Thailand; focuses on the earliest texts and emphasizes monastic lifestyle
Theravada
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Characteristics that summarize the changing nature of reality
Three marks of Existence
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Named for vajra, the Buddha's diamond scepter; prevalent form of Buddhism in Tibet; emphasizes the harnessing of sensual energies
Vajrayana
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