educated guess using what you know and what you observe
hypothesis
amount of space occupied by an object
volume
push or pull that one body exerts on another
force
force that opposes motion between two touching surfaces
friction
states that any two masses exert an attractive force on each other,the amount of which depends on the mass of the two objects and the distance between them
law of gravitation
organized procedure for testing a hypothesis that tests the effect of one thing on another under controlled conditions
experiment
distancce an object travels per unit of time
speed
sum of the forces that are acting on an object
net force
acceleration of an object toward the center of a curved or circular path
centipetal acceleration
speed of an object at a given point in time, which is constant for an object moving with constant speed and is different at each point in time for an object that is slowing down or speeding up
instantaneous speed
factor that can cause a change in the results of an experiment
variable
describes the speed and direction of a moving object
velocity
forces on a body that are equal in size and opposite in directionand do not change the motion of the body
balanced force
a force directed toward the center of a circle for an object moving in circular motion
centripetal force
property that a moving object has because of its mass and velocity
momentum
in an experiment, a variable that does not change when other variables change
constant
rate of change of velocity, which occurs if an object speeds up, changes direction, or slows down
acceleration
resistance of an object to a change in its motion
inertia
gravitation force exerted on an object by earth
weight
total distance that an object travels divided by the total time it takes to travel that distance
average speed
L to mL
L x 1000
mL to L
mL / 1,000
celsius to kelvin
celsius + 273
kelvin to celsius
K - 273
formula for momentum
p= mv
formula for velocity
v= p / m
formula for speed
s= d / t
formula for acceleration
a= (Vf - Vi) / t
formula for force
f= ma
a= f / m
states that any net force acting on an object causes the object to accelerate in the direction of the net force
newton's second law of motion
describes action-reaction pairs - to every action force there is an equal an oppostie reaction force
newton's third law of motion
an object moving at a constant velocity keeps moving at that velocity unless a net force acts on it
newton' s first law of motion
what is the difference between distance and displacement
distance is how far something has traveled and displacemant is how far it is from its starting point