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Perineum
perineum in male is an area between the thighs shaped roughly lke a diamond. It extends from the pubic symphysis anteriorly to the coccyx posteriorly.
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What are the 2 function that the testes serve?
- 1.Spermatogenesis which is the creation of new sperm.
- 2. Serves as an endocrine gland producing hosmones that are distrubuted throughout the body.
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What are seminiferous tubules?
Where sperm is created.
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What is spermatagonia analogous to?
The female egg.
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Spermatogonia has how many chromosomes?
46 chromosomes.
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Spermatids have how many chromosomes?
23 chromosomes
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Spermatozoa has how many chromosomes?
23 chromosomes.
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What is the epidymis
a large elongated convoluted tubule.
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When does capasitation begin?
Capasitation begins when the sperm has been introduced into the vagina of the female.
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How long is the sperm stored in the epididymis?
1-3 weeks.
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what specific purpose does the seminal vesicle have in relation to sperm.
- -it produces 60% of semen volume.
- -it is an alkaline, viscous, creamy-yellow substance.
- it is used to prepare the urethra for the sperm to pass through without harm.
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What percentage does the prostate contribute to the ejaculate?
30% it is a watery, milky-looking and slightly acidic fluid.
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What is the function of the bulbourethral gland?
1. serves as a lubricant for the urethra, it makes it so the sperm is not damage by friction damage during ejaculation.
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what is the percentage that the bulbourethral gland contributes to the ejaculate or seminal fluid volume?
- less than 5%.
- - it secretes and alkaline fluid that is important for counteracting the acid present in the male urethra and the female vagina.
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What is the purpose of the cremaster muscle in the scrotum?
its purpose is to control temperature for the testes.
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Describe the path the sperm must follow to enter the body?
- 1. testes.
- 2. epididymis.
- 3. vas deferens.
- 4.ejaculatory duct.
- 5. prostate.
- 6. urethra by way of the penis.
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The testes and epididymis contribute what percentage in seminal fluid volume?
5%
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What hormone triggers sperm production?
Testosterone.
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[Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)]
1. what is it?
2. what is its sourse?
3. What is its action?
- 1. it is a hormone
- 2. Adrenal gland, testis, vary, other tissues.
- 3. evantually converted to estrogens, testosterone, or both.
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Estrogen
1. what is it?
2. what is its sourse?
3. What is its action?
- 1. Hormone
- 2. Testis (interstitial cells), liver, other tissues.
- 3. role of estrogen in men is still uncertain: may play role in spermatogenesis, inhibition of gonadotropins, male sexual behavior and partner preference.
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Follicle-stimulatin hormone (FSH).
1. what is it?
2. what is its sourse?
3. What is its action?
- 1. hormone
- 2. Anterior pituitary (gonadotroph cells)
- 3. gonadotropin; promotes development of testes stimulates spermatogenesis.
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
1. what is it?
2. what is its sourse?
3. What is its action?
- 1. Hormone
- 2. hypothalamus (neuroendocrine cells)
- 3. stimulates production and release of gonadotropins (FSH and LH) from anterior pituitary.
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Inhibin
1. what is it?
2. what is its sourse?
3. What is its action?
- 1. Hormone
- 2. Testis (interstitial cells)
- 3. inhibits FSH production in the anterior pituitary.
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Luteinizing hormone (LH)
1. what is it?
2. what is its sourse?
3. What is its action?
- 1. hormone
- 2. anterior pituitary (gonadotroph cells)
- 3. Gonadotropin; stimulates production of testosterone by interstitial cells of testis.
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Testosterone
1. what is it?
2. what is its sourse?
3. What is its action?
- 1. horomone
- 2. Testis interstitial cells
- 3. Stimulates spermatogenesis, stimulates development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics, promotes growth of muscle and bone (anabolic effect)
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