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Members of the Herpesviridae family
- Herpes simplex virus type 1
- herpes simplex virus type 2
- Varicella-Zoster (VZV)
- Epstein Barr (EBV)
- cytomegalovirus_CMV)
- HHV6
- HHV7
- HHV8
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HSV type 1
- oral herpes
- gingivostomatis in children and young adults, recurrent oral-labial infection (cold sores) infectino of the cornea (keratitis) herpes encelphalitis
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HSV type 2
- genital herpes
- neonatal herpes
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Pathogenesis of HSV 1 and 2
- transmission- direct contact with lesion fluids
- lifelong infection
- asymtomatic shedding (carrier of disease but show no symptoms)
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Clinical manifestion of HSV
- oral herpes
- genital herpes
- keratitis
- herpetic whitlow
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Diagnosis of HSV
- DFA
- NAATs
- viral isolation (ELVIS) - emzyme linked virus induced system (cell culture test ready in one day)
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Varicella Zoster Virus
smallest genome among herpes virus
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VZV transmission
respiratory droplets
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VZV clinical manifestion
- chicken pox (varicella) once in one lifetime due to immunity
- shingles (zoser) secondary infection from reactivation ; over-reactive CMI response
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VZV vaccine
- 1995 varivax
- 2006 zostavox
- varicella zoster immunoglobulin available
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Cytomegalovirus
largest, enveloped, dsDNA
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CMV transmission
sex,oral, secretions, blood, congenital
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CMV clinical manifestation
- congenital infection
- primary infection (sore throat, fever, chills) asymptomatic
- latent infection - genetic info present but unexpressed in host cell
- transfusion acquired
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CMV clinical manifestation for transfustion acquired
primary
unexposed recipient is transfused with blood from actively or latently infected donor
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CMV clinical manifestation for transfustion acquired
reactivated
when seropos recipient is transfused with seroneg/pos unit is triggering an allograft rxns by donor leukocytes
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CMV clinical manifestation for transfustion acquired
reinfection
with different strains of CMV
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Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)
relation to WBCs ---> lymphotropic
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