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Muscles part 2

  1. origin
    end of the muscle that is attached to the immovable bone
  2. insertion
    attached to moveable bone
  3. body of muscle
    betweem arigin and insertion
  4. lever
    rigid pole that moves about a fixed point
  5. fulcrum
    fixed point
  6. aponeurosis
    borad sheath of clense fibrous connective tissue
  7. explain how a skeletal muscle produces a movement
    by exerting a pulling force on the bone
  8. describe the 2 ways that muscles are connected to bone?
    tendons- cords of dense fibrous connective tissue

    aponeurosis- sheet dense fibrous connective tissue
  9. tendons and aponeurosis are attached to what part of the bone?
    periosteum
  10. what type of work does skeletal muscle perform?
    mechanical movement
  11. muscle can only produce a force by doing what sort of action?
    pulling
  12. explain how your muscles and bones act as levers and fulcrums
    a lever is acted upon at 2 different points by 2 different forces

    • resistance
    • effort

    • bone=lever
    • fulcrum=joint
    • force= muscles
  13. explain the two forces that act on a lever
    1) resistance- mass of the object that is being moved

    2) effort- pull that is being exerted by muscle contraction
  14. the movement produced by muscles depends on what four things?
    1) attachment of origin and insertion

    2) type of joint

    3) tension of the ligaments (bone to bone)

    4) muscles tension of opposing muscle
  15. why do muscles tend to work in pairs?
    motion in both directions, smooth continuous movement
  16. range in movement v.s strength
    the closer the muscle is attached to the joint (greater the range of movement take more effort)

    • the further the muscle is attached from the joint
    • (less range you have to move and take less effort to move bone)
  17. describe the 7 ways used to name the skeletal muscles?
    • 1) action of muscle
    • 2) direction of the muscle fibers
    • 3) location of the muscle
    • 4) shape of the muscle
    • 5) size of the muscle
    • 6) number of origins
    • 7)point of attachment of origin and insertion
  18. ossipitalis
    draws the scaple forward + raises eyebrows
  19. frontails
    draws the scaple forward + raises eyesbrows
  20. orbcularis oculi
    close eyes
  21. orbicularis oris
    closes and protudes lips
  22. zygomatic major
    pulls mouth upward
  23. temporalis
    closes mouth/ jaw
  24. masseter
    elevates mandible
  25. medial pterygoid
    depressed mandible- opens mouth and moves mandile side to side
  26. lateral pterygoid
    depressed mandible (opend mouth and moves mandible side to side)
  27. platysma
    depressed mandible used in extending lower lip
  28. sternocleidomastoid
    • when both contracted (draws head forward onto chest)
    • when one contracted (draws the head left and right)
  29. splenius capitis
    extend head side to side

    hidden by the sternocleidomastoid
  30. spinalis muscles
    longissimus muscles
    iliocstails muscles
    • support vetebral column
    • maintains posture
    • extension
    • maintain curve
  31. rectus abdominis
    compressed abdomen and flexes vetebral column
Author
melcherrebekah
ID
49906
Card Set
Muscles part 2
Description
rebekah's
Updated

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