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an interdependent set of urban settlements within a specified region
Urban System
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the physical structure and organization of cities
urban form
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the social and demographic composition of city districts and neighbourhoods
urban ecology
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the way of life, attitudes, values, and patterns of behaviour fostered by urban settings.
urbanism
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a city that serves as a link between one country or region and others because of its physical situation
gateway city
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a city that is seen as the embodiment of surprising and disturbing changes in economic, social, and cultural lives
Shock City
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cities that were deliberately established or developed as administrative or commerial centres by colonial or imperial power
colonial cities
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settlements in which certain products and services are available to consumers
central places
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a theory that seeks to explain the relative size and spacing of towns and cities as a function of people's shopping behaviors
Central place theory
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the maximum distance that consumers will normally travel to obtain a particular product or service
range
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the minimum market size required to make the sale of a particular product or service profitable
threshold
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a statistical regularity in city size distributions of countries and regions
rank- size rule
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a condition in which the population of the largest city in an urban system is disproportionately large in relation to the second- and third largest cities in that system
primacy
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the functional dominance of cities within an urban sysyem
centrality
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very large cities characterized by high centrality within their national economy
megacities
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economic activities that take place beyond official record and are not subject to formalized systems of regulation or remuneration
informed sector
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set of manufacturing processing, trading, or service activities that serve markets beyond the city
economic base
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economic activities that provide income from sales to customers beyond city limits
basic functions
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economic activities that serve a city's own population
nonbasic functions
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the process by which the economic growth of a city enables it to attain a position of national dominance and in so doing creates the geographical structure of a metropolis and hinterland
metropolitanism
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the net loss of population from cities to smaller towns and rural areas
counterurbanization
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a condition in which cities grow more rapidly that the jobs and housing they can sustain
overurbanization
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