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Fungi
Spore producing heterotrophs that include chitin in their cell wall
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Spore
Little asexual reproductive bodies
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Heterotrophs
Require carbon from outside source
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Chitin
Nitrogen containing polysaccharide
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Mycelium
Body of a fungus
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Hypha
each filament in the mycelium
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Relationship to other Eukaryotes
- more closely related to animals than they are with plants
- heterotrophic
- Chitin, (exo-skelleton)
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5 mayor groups of Fungi
- I. Chytrids
- II. Zygote Fungi
- III. Glameromycetes
- IV. Sac Fingi
- V. Club Fungi
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Chytrids
- primitive,
- early ancestor,
- require moist or wet environments
- they produce spores that swim (with flagellum)
- decomposers= saprophytes, recycle remains thus recycling materials
- they infect/ harm amphibians because of human movement
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Zygote Fungi
- produce zygospore during reproduction
- 2 hyphi join and exchange genetic material into a zygospore= only diploid stage
- -most of their life cycle is spent as a haploid mycelium
- [They are common in moldy bread, fruit or veggies because they are sapping nutrients
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Glameromycetes
- Most important in plant root cells 90% of plants have an association with roots and fungi in soil. Micronutrients and and phosphates from soil exchange of rare micronutrients, and photosynthesis by the plants.
- -They are known to produce asexual
- -mutualism between fungi and roots
- -fungi offers micronutrients
- -plant offers sugars (carbohydrates)
- -soil fungus= mycorrhizae
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Club Fungi
- Important decomposers of wood
- have the largest most complex fruiting bodies of all fungi
- Cap/ Stalk
- Cap= underneath the cap are where the spores are reproduced
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Lichens
- are not just fungi
- made out of sac fungus + green algae
- or sac fungus + siano bacteria
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Mutually beneficial partnership with plants
Fungi can live in stems, leaves or roots
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mutualism
- alage - ascomycetes
- ascomyceted - siano bacteria
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3 main groups
- i. Fruticose
- ii. Foliose
- iii. Crustose
- each indicates growth form of lichens
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