-
Origin of T cells during development
Thymus
-
Cytokines released by CD4/helper T cells
IL-4, IL-2
-
Subset of CD4s that release proinflammatory cytokines
Th1 helper T cells
-
Subset of CD4s that release anti-inflammatory cytokines
Th2 helper T cells
-
T cells that regulate CD4 and CD8 cells
Suppressor T cells (CD8)
-
T cells that recognize and attack nonself antigens
Cytotoxic T cells (CD8)
-
Infection classes associated with defects in cell-mediated immunity
Viruses, TB
-
Origin of B cells during development
Bone marrow
-
Cytokine that stimulates B cells to become plasma cells
IL-4
-
MHC class present on all nucleated cells, that activates CD8 cells
MHC class I
-
MHC class present on B cells, dendrites, monocytes and APCs, that activates CD4 cells
MHC class II
-
MHC class that binds virus proteins
MHC class I
-
MHC class that binds bacterial proteins
MHC class II
-
Common APC in skin
Macrophage
-
Cells that do not require previous exposure or antigen presentation to kill
NK cells
-
Initial Ab made after exposure to antigen. Largest antibody
IgM
-
Most abundant antibody in body; can cross placenta
IgG
-
Ab found in secretions, Peyers patches and breast milk; prevents microbial adherence
IgA
-
Ab that is a membrane bound receptor on B cells that serves as an antigen receptor
IgD
-
Ab that mediates allergic reactions and parasite infections
IgE
-
Antibodies that are opsonins (2)
IgM, IgG
-
Antibodies that fix complement (2)
IgM, IgG
-
Region of antibody important for antigen recognition
Variable region
-
Region of antibody important for recognition by PMNs and macrophages
Constant region
-
Antibodies that have multiple binding sites to the antigen at multiple epitopes
Polyclonal antibodies
-
Antibodies that have only one binding site to one epitope
Monoclonal antibodies
-
Immediate hypersensitivity reaction; IgE mediated with release of histamine from mast and basophils
Type I hypersensitivity
-
IgG or IgM reaction with cell-bound antigen
Type II hypersensitivity
-
Examples of Type I hypersensitivity (3)
Bee stings, peanut allergy, hay fever
-
Examples of Type II hypersensitivity (4)
ABO incompatibility, Graves, myasthenia gravis, ITP
-
Immune complex deposition
Type III hypersensitivity
-
Examples of type III hypersensitivity (3)
Serum sickness, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE
-
Delayed-type hypersensitivity with antigen stimulation of previously sensitized T cells
Type IV hypersensitivity
-
Examples of Type IV hypersensitivity (2)
TB test, contact dermatitis
-
Major source of histamine in blood
Basophils
-
Major source of histamine in tissue
Mast cells
-
Primary lymphoid organs (3)
Liver, bone, thymus
-
Secondary lymphoid organs (2)
Spleen, lymph nodes
-
Cytokine that converts lymphocytes to lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells
IL-2
-
Cytokine that converts lymphocytes into tumor-infiltrating cells
IL-2
-
Tetanus prone wounds (6)
>6h old, contaminated, crush, burn, frostbite, missile injuries
-
people who need tetanus toxoid
everyone (unless >3 doses given and <5 years since last dose)
-
people who need tetanus globulin
those with tetanus prone wounds whose immunization status is unknown (or have not had immunization)
|
|