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Define process selection.
Refers to deciding on the way production of goods or services will be organized.
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Define facility layout.
Refers to the configuration of departments, work centers, and equipment, with particular emphasis on movement of work ( customers or materials) through the system.
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What are the 4 major implications for process selection?
- Capacity planning
- Layout of facilities
- Equipment
- Design of work systems
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Define capital intensity
The mix of equipment and labor that will be used by the organization
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Define process felxibility.
The degree to which the system can be adjusted to changes in processing requirements due to factors such as product and service design changes, volume changes, and changes in technology.
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Define technology.
The application of scientific discoveries to the development and improvement of products and services and operations processes.
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Define technological innovation.
The discovery and development of new or improved products, services, or processes for producing or providing them
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Define product technology.
Increased market share and profits
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Define processing technology.
Includes methods, procedures, and equipment used to produce goods and provide services. This not only involves processes within an organization , it also extends to supply chain processes.
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What are the 4 process types?
Job shop, batch, repetitive/ assembly line, continuous.
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Define job shop.
Small scale. customizable, craft.
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Define batch.
Moderate volume of related items.
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Define repetitive/ assembly line.
High volumes of standardized goods or services.
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Define continuous.
Very high volumes of non- discrete goods.
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What are the 3 factors to consider when choosing a process type?
- Variety
- Equipment flexibility
- Volume
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Define process selection.
Involves substantial investment in equipment and have a very specific influence on the layout of the facilities, which also requires heavy investment.
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Define product or service profiling.
Can be used to avoid any inconsistencies by identifying key product or service dimensions and then selecting appropriate processes.
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What is the basic objective of layout design?
Facilitate a smooth flow of work, and info through the system
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What are the 4 basic layout types?
- Product layout
- Process layout
- Fixed-position layout
- Combination layout
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Define product layout.
Layout that uses standardized processing operations to achieve smooth, rapid, high-volume flow.
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Define process layout.
Layouts that can handle varied processing requirements.
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Define fixed-position layouts.
Layout in which the product or project remains stationary, and workers, materials, and equipment are moved as needed.
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Define line balancing.
The process of assigning tasks to workstations in such a way that the workstations have approximately equal time requirements.
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Define cycle time.
The maximum time allowed at each workstation to complete its set of tasks on a unit. Also establishes the output rate of a line.
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What is a precedence diagram?
A diagram that shows elemental tasks and their precedence.
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What is balance delay?
Percentage of idle time of a line.
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What is efficiency?
Percentage of busy time of a line.
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