The serous inner membrane lining of the heart is the
endocardium
The primary purpost of the heart valves is to
prevent the backward flow of blood
When listening to the heart with a stethoscope, the sound heard is actually the
closing of the heart valves
The SA node, located in the right atrium of the heart, is known as the
pacemaker of the heart & the sinoatrial node
The SA note is located in or on the
right atrium
The "little spark" that begins or starts the heartbeat originates in the
SA node
The correct order of stimulation in the electrical conduction system of the heart is
SA node, AV node, bundle of HIS, bundle of branches, Purkinje network
The portion of the EKG that relates to ventricular depolarization is the
QRS complex
The contraction and relaxation of both atria and ventricles equal
one cardiac cycle
The electrical state of the heart in which the cardiac cells are in a state of resting is
polarization & negatively charged
When the cardiac cells are discharging a positively charged electrical impulse, whic creates a contraction, they are said to be in a state of
depolarization
What wave on an EKG reflects the repolarization of the ventricles?
T wave
An electrocardiogram is a
recording of the voltage with respect to time
An electrocardiogram is also referred to as an
ECG & EKG
Another name for an electrode is a
sensor
Normally, a completer ECG/EKG constists of how many sensors and how many leads?
10, 12
The type of EKG sensors that appear to be small suction cups are called
Welch electrodes
The only cardiac sensor that is NOT actually used in the recording of an EKG is the
RL
A lead is
One negative, one positive, and one ground
Remembering all the EKG leads and sensors can be facilitated by visualizing the
Einthoven's triangle
The landmarks for the chest leads for an EKG are the sternum, both clavicles, the left exilla, and the
4th intercostal space
The time markers printed on all EKG paper are referred to as
3 second markers
The small squares on EKG paper are
1mm square and represent 0.1 mv of voltage
To use the EKG to estimate heart rate, you would
use the six second method, beginning at a 3 second marker and go to the right for 2 additional markers, then count the # of QRS complexes between the first and third markers
A normal P wave is how many squares/blocks on the EKG paper?
3
The paper on an EKG machine, as part of an international standard, moves at the rate of
25mm per second
When performing an EKG, if the baseline begins to drift to such a degree that it exceeds the parameters of the the graph
reduce the sensitivity from 1 to 1/2
A deflection on an EKG tracing caused by electrical activity other than from the heart is known as an
artifact
The degree of variation from zero, up or down, in recording the electrical output of the heart is known as the
deflection
during an EKG, a tense muscle or a muscular contraction may produce an artifact called a
somatic tremor
An artifact in leads, 1,2, and AVR would cause you to recheck the sensors attached to which body part?
right arm
A standard limb lead monitors voltage from
two of the following - RA, LA, LL
Lead V1 of the precordial chest leads is placed at the
4th intercostal space just to the right of the sternum
Lead 1 of the limb leads measures electrical activity from the
right arm to left arm (RA to LA)
The marking codes used on the older models of EKG machines indicated lead III as
...
When performing an EKG, on a patient with a right lower leg cast, the leg sensors are
on both upper legs
A majority of patients who have had a heart attack have an EKG tracing that exhibits
PVC's
An elecated T wave may be present on a patiens's EKG when the patient
has an elecated serum potassium
One of the dangers of performing a stress test in the medical office id the risk of a
heart attack
A device used to record cardiac activity while the patient is ambulatory for at least 24 hours is called a
Holter monitor
The test performed to evaluate lung volume and capacity in a patient is called
pulmonary funtion test
What part of the brain controls body temperature?
Hypothalamus
The part of the brain that controls respiratory, cardiac, and vasomotor functions is the
medulla oblongata
True or false - infants and children normally have a lower body temp than adults
false
What are the normal temps for Oral, rectal, axillary, & aural
Oral=98.6F/37C
Rectal = 99.6F/37.6C
Axillary = 97.6/36.4C
Aural = 98.6F / 37C
True or false - The acillary mehod has proven to be the mose accurate method for temperature measurement
false
A temp of 101 degrees F is equal to how many degrees C
38.3C
A temp of 37 degrees C is equal to how many degrees F
98.6
When reading a mercury thermometer, each short line represents
2/10 of a degree
When taking a rectal remp on a pediatric patient, insert the thermometer into the anal canal approximately
1/2 to 1"
An accurate axillary temp reisters approx how many degrees lower than a rectal temp?
1 degree
The average normal rectal temp is
99.6 F
The gradual drop of a fever is termed
Lysis
True or false - When taking a aural temp on a pediatric patient, the MA must not pull the childs ear in any direction
false
True or false - keep a glass/merc thermometer in place orally for at least 3 min, an Axilla for at least 10 min, and rectal for 5 min
True
True or false - as age increases, pulse rate increses
false
A child less than 1 yr old may have a pulse rate that ranges between
120 & 160
The force or strength of the pulse is commonly referred to as the
