Sociology Ch1

The Scientific study of social interactions and social organization

The ability to see experience, personal diffculties and achievements, in part, as reflection of structural arrangements of society and times in which we live

Detailed tudy of everyday life of individuals

Large-Scale, long-term social processes of organizations, institutions and broad social patterns

Founder of Sociology and Social Statics and Social Dynamics

Order, stability and organization

Development and social change

She is technically a feminesist and paved the way for the new disipline through her observations of sical behavior in the United States and England

Her first book on the methodology of social research, How to Observe Manners and Morals.

He compared society to a biological organism and depicted it as a system, a whole made up of interrelated parts.

Mean Survival of the Fittest of the Social World.

Has a Human body is made up of organs, Society is made up of instiutions (ex. Family, Religion and Education)

Structura-Functional Theory.

The Sociologist that came up with Class COnflict and Dialectical Materialism.

Society divided between those who own the means of production and those who do not.

Development depends on the clash of contradictions on clash of contracdictions and emergence of more advanced structures.

He came up iwth Soical Integration.

The density of social relationships in a collection of people.

The Divison of Labor in Society

• Mechanical Vs. Organic Solidarity
• Social Facts

Mechanical solidarity is the feeling of being connected because of work, religion, or education; where as, Organic Solidarity is the connection because of they compliment each other.

Aspects of life that cannot be explained at the invdividual level.

He orginated bureaucracy, lifestyle, Protestant Ethic, and Charisma.

It is the study of human subjectivity or "Understanding" or "Insight"

Focus on principal characteristics of subject and ignore minor differences.

It allows to you look at sociology unbaisly.

University of Chicago.

Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr

Critical of sociology because it viewed individuals as passive, helpless entities

Evolving set of theoretical perspectives focused on women's part in society

• Distrust scidentific approach.
• 1. Scientifice Knowledge as much product of socially determined interests and biases of investigators as it is of facts.
• 2. Modern image-based age makes structure-based social theories obsolete.

It provides a set of assumptions, interrelated concepts and statments about how various social phenomena relate to one another.

• 1. Society is a system, a set of elements or components that related to one another in a more or less stable fashion through a period of time.
• 2. To survive essential functions must be performed by the system's parts
• 3. They pay attention to Functions, performed by system's parts, epecially organizations, groups, institutions, and cultural elements.

• 1. Emphassizes disorder, instability, interests that divide, and social change
• 2. Power
• 3. Difficulty dealing with some aspects of conensus, integreation, and stability

• Power is the ability to control behavior of others, even against their will.
• 1. Determines who gains and who loses
• 2. Society persists because no one conflict can become so great as to tear society apart.

• 1. Emphasizes personal, symbolic interaction based on shared meanings.
• 2. Micro-dimension of social life.

• 1. Symbol is something that stands for something else, called meaning
• 2. Meaning emerge from social interaction
• 3. Shared cultural meanings continually emerge and change
• 4. Has limitations

General framework that provides explanation for a specific social phenomenon.

Antecedent causes.

Variable that causes an effect

Variable that is affected

Proposition that can then be tested to determine its validity

Reearchers work with two groups that made to be identical in all relevant respects through a proces of random assignment.

Typically gathered through interviews or prepared questionnaire

Researchers select subjects on basis of chance so every individual in a population has same opportunity to be chosen

Researchers divide population into relevant categories and draw a random sample from each category

• 1. Part of clear research objective
• 2. Undertaken in systematic manner
• 3. Carefully recorded
• 4. Related to broader body of sociological knowledge and theory
• 5. Subjected to checks and controls applied to all scientific evidence.

Archival research uses existing records produced or maintained by persons other than the reearcher

• 1. Include women's lives in social research and reveal divsersity in women.
• 2. Seek results that are of value to women, promote social change, and reduce inequality.