King of Persia for the first phase of the Persian war?
Darius I
What was the reason for the Persian war?
Athens interfears with the affairs of Ionia and the Persian empire.
Battles of the first phase of the Persian war?
Euboea- Greeks lose
Marathon- Greeks win
Aftermath of first phase of persian war?
Greeks win and persians leave.
King of Persia during the second persian war?
Xerxes
Battles of the 2nd phase of the persian war?
Thermopolae- Leonidas and 7000 greeks die
Salamis- Greek army loses and greek navy wins
Plataea- Persians defeated and leave
Ater the Persian war, who was the the leader in Athens and what does he do?
Pericles who rebuilds Athens even better than it was before. He has theatres and other cultural structures built.
After Pericles had the theatres built, who did he have come in to entertain?
Dramatists:
Sophacles
Euripedes
Aescuhlis
Socrates
Soldier
Guiding rule-Know thyself
Goodness based on knowledge; wickedness based on ignorance
took the poison hemlok and died
Plato
Known for "The Republic" which was the first treatise on political science.
Ideas are more real than material objects
Founded "the academy"
We do not learn; only remember
Aristotle
Teacher of Alexander the Great
Founded the Lyceum
First to emphasize Empiracle research
"moderation of all things"
Said that the state was necessary for the "good life"
First tyrant of Athens
Peisistratus
What are Archons?
9 judges/magistrates selected from the upper class to rule Athens on a day to day basis.
Which Archon started Athens on the road to democracy?
Solon
Stoicism deals with what?
Idea of "one must do ones duty"
Who was the most famous stoicismist?
Marcus Aureilius
Stoicism's greatest teacher
Zeno
Most popular philosophy?
Stoicism
Who had the first written laws created in Athens and what were they called?
Dracon
Draco's code
What was Ostacism?
In an anual vote citizens could exile some threat to the city for 10 years.
Which leader introduced Ostracism?
Cleisthenes
Who warned the Greeks about Phillip and Macedonia?
Demosthenese- a great greek orater
What were the Peloponnesian wars and who was involved?
Civil war against Greece and Sparta
1st phase- truce
2nd phase-Sparta wins
A greek polis is?
City State
Phillip II was from and did what?
Macedonia
conquered Greece
declared war on Persia
Father of Alexander
What was life like for the Spartans after the Helot revolt?
Completely militaristic
Male spartans life
1 purpose in life- serve the state
Boy is inspected by elders for flaws; weak infants would be left in the woods for the Gods
At 5-6 they were taken from their mother and sent to a military camp to begin training.
At 20 they were put into the military
Age 30 they could stay home and vote
When did the Hellenistic age start?
With the rule of Alexander
Most important contribution of the Hellenistic age
Commercial link between east and west.
Language given to the world during the Hellenistic age?
Koine
Where did Alexander come from?
Macedonia
What city did Alexander create?
Alexandria
Limits of Alexander's empire
As far East as India
As far west as the Greek Isles
What did Alexander do?
Conquered the world
Where did Alexander die and where was he burried?
Died in Babylon
Burried in Alexandria
What did the Egyptians and Indians make Alexander?
A King and a God
After Alexander died, what happened to his empire?
it was divided and given to his top 3 generals
What did the polis become for the Roman and Christian world?
Formed the cultural foundation on which these spread
Herodotus' view concerning the struggle between Persia and Greece.
viewed the persian wars as the end of a long struggle between the culture of the east and the greek culture. The Greeks won and that is why we see through their eyes.
3 views of the greek Philosophy of the common people.
Cynics-rejection of material life brought freedom
Epicureans- taught that pleasure from self discipline was the chief good
Stoics- one should do ones duty. Unity of man.
Most famous Cynic-
Diogenes
What did people turn to for answers?
Tyche and mystery religions
Growing belief in a 1 God that rules all.
What was the greatest of all Greek pds?
Hellenic Age
What was the city Alexander built?
Alexandria
2nd most populus and the most important commercial city in the western world.
What city became the showplace of the Greek world?
Athens
When Alexander's empire was divided up, who got what?