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phlebitis
Inflamation of a vein... usually due to a clot.
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arteriol disease makes the skin
pale and shiney
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venous disease makes the skin
ruddy color... rough, dry, and scaley.
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a thrill palpated on the chest is caused by....
a murmur
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after surgery, snoring, shallow respirations, and a drop in pulse ox would indicate
a reaction to a medication
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the largest solid organ in the abdomen is
the liver
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What are hollow organs in the abdomen
intestines, stomach, bladder
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Ascites
- abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity.
- associated with Congestive Heart Failure, cirrhosis, cancer, or portal hypertension
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Bruit
blowing, swooshing sound heart thru a stethoscope when an artery is partially occluded.
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Cholecytisis
inflammation of the gallbladder
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costal margin
lower border of the rib margin formed by the medial edges of the 8th, 9th, and 10th ribs
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Costovertebral angle
angle formed by the 12 rib and the vertebral column on the posterior thorax overlying the kidney
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dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
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hepatomegaly
abnormal enlargement of the liver
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peritoneal friction rub
rough grating sound heard through the stethoscope over the site of peritoneal inflammation
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the stomach and intestines will have what sound sound (dull, tympanic, flat etc)
Tympanic: high pitched, musical, drumlike percussion note
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the correct sequence of techniques used during an exam of the abdomen
inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
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RUQ tenderness may indicate pathology in the
liver, pancreas, or ascending colon
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hyperactive bowel sounds are
high pitched, rushing, tinkling
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the range of normal liver span in the Right mid clavicular line in the adult is
6-12 cm
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Auscultation is begun in the RLQ because
vascular sounds are best heard in this area
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Spleenic percussion has a
dull sound
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shifting dullness is a test for
ascites
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Murphys sign is described as
pain felt when taking a deep breath when the examiners fingers are on the approximate location of the inflamed gallbladder
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what side should the nurse stand on during an abdominal assessment
Right side of the client
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Why is auscultation performed before palpation and percussion?
because palpation and percussion can alter bowel sounds
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striae
old, white, silvery stretchmarks from past pregnancies or weight gain
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Caput Medusae
engorged superficial capillaries of the abdomen
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when documenting scars, what should be noted
size and quadrent
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Describe 4 abdominal contours
- flat
- scaphoid- sucked in
- rounded
- protruberant: abnormal... round distended stomach.this may indicate an abdominal obstruction or hernia
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borborygmi
- hyperactive bowel sounds
- normal= 5-30 bowel sounds per minute
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if a bruit is present... it could mean
- aneurysm (bulging of an artery)
- arterial stenosis (narrowing)
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a venous hum is heard in the ___ or ___ regions and suggests
- epigastric or umbilical
- obstructed portal circulation (usually when pt has cirrhosis)
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liver fibrosis
is when scar tissue forms usually after a fatty liver state
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cirrhosis
connective tissue forms over liver and kills cells
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What is the purpose of light palpation?
- to identify areas of tenderness, masses, or muscular resistance
- depress the abdominal wall 1 cm
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What is the purpose of deep palpation?
assess for organ enlargment, masses, bulging, or swelling
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