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The skeleton can be divided in to 3 sections, what are they?
The 3 sections are: Axial, appendicular and Visceral
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Name the 3 parts of the axial skeleton
head, neck and trunk aka skull, vertebral column and thorax
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What connects the thoracic girdle to the axial skeleton?
Muscle attachments (synsarcosis)
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What are the regions of the thoracic limb and what bones do each include?
- Shoulder: Scapula
- Brachium: humerus
- Antebrachium: Radius and Ulna
- Carpus: Carpal bones
- Manus: mdtacarpal, phalangeal and sesamoid bones
- Digits: Proximal, middle and distal phalanges and assoc sesamoid bones
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What are the regions of the pelvic limb and what bones do each include?
- Pelvis/pelvic girdle: hip bones (tuber coxae) ilium, ischium and pubis
- sacrum and few caudal vertebrae
- Thigh: Femur
- Stifle: femur and tibia and fibula
- Crus: tibia and fibula
- Tarsus/hock: Tarsal bones
- Pes:tarsal/metatarsal, phalangeal and sesamoid bones
- Digits: proximal, middle and distal phalanges and assoc sesamoid bones
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What are 2 possible methods of osteogenesis?
- Intramembranous- as in the skull w/ flat bones
- endochondral- as in long bones with physes
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What are the 2 diff types of growth plates? Give examples of each
- Traction (olecranon, calcaneus)
- Compression
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What are the palpable lateral processes just caudal to the skull?
Wings of the atlas
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What are the enlarged transverse processes that are identifiable in radiographs on the cervical region?
Sled of the 6th cervical vertabrae
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What is usually the 11th thoracic vertebrae with the most vertically oriented spine used as landmark for back rads?
the anticlinal vertabrae
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What is the dorsal gap b/w the arches of contiguous vertebral arches used as access points to the vertebral canal for epidurals?
interarcuate spaces
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What is the distal end of the spine of the scapula?
acromion
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What is the ventral part of the acromion in cats?
Suprahamate process
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What is the origin of the biceps brachii on the scapula that can be fractured?
Supraglenoid tubercle
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What is the palpable most cranial part of the shoulder of the thoracic limb?
point of shoulder or Greater tubercle
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What is the canal in the medial epicondyle of the cat humerus that carries the median n and brachial vessels?
Supracondylar canal; don't break the humerus here!
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What is the proximal end of the notch/trochlea of the ulna
Anconeal process
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What is the distal end of the trochlear ulna?
medial coronoid process
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What small sesamoid may be located on the medial side of the carpus?
Sesamoid bone of the oblique carpal extensor tendon
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What bony process holds the horny claw?
Ungual crest...must be cut off dorsally so that claw doesn't grow back after a declaw
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What is the palpable part of the hip bone caudal to the flank?
point of the hip aka tuber coxae
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What is the palpable caudal end of hip bone?
Ischial tuber aka ischiatic tuberosity aka pin-bone
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What is the palpable lateral structure of the proximal femur?
Greater trochanter
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what is the palpable proximal end of the tibia?
tibial tuberosity
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What is the distal end of the fibula?
Lateral malleolus
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What is the small sesamoid bone that may be found on the lateral side of the stifle?
Sesamoid in the tendon of origin of the popliteal muscle
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