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caravel
-a ship with triangular sails that allowed it to sail into the wind
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sextant
-able to locate where in the world someone was by looking at stars
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Dias
-first Euro. to reach the south tip of africa-cape of good hope
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De Gama
-first Euro. that managed to sail all the way around Africa and back
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christopher columbus
-"discovered" americas
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amerigo vespucci
-explored the coast of s. america, he described it so well that a german map maker named it after him
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hernando cortes
-conquered the aztecs
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francisco pizarro
-conquered the inca
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juan ponce de leon
-looked for fountain of youth, discovered florida
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ferdinand magellan
-captain of 1st ship to sail (circumnavigate) around the world
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henry hudson
-has hudson bay, river, & strait named after him
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john cabot
-1st Euro. to reach n. america sailing for english
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northwest passage
-all water trade route through n. america to indies
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conquistadors advantages vs. mesoamerica
- -small pox and flu=disease
- -superior weapons/tactics
- -alliances with other tribes
- "the enemy of my enemy is my friend"
- -brutality, no mercy
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missions
- -forts/churches
- -offered natives food, protection, & education
- -hope was natives would convert to catholicism
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slavery in history
- -code of hammurabi-oldest set of written laws-had rules for slavery
- -book of genesis
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portugese gold traders
-western slavery started in 1400's when w. african kings sold POW's to Portugese gold traders
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columbian exchange
- -transfer of living things btwn. east & west hemisphere due to Euro expansion
- ----->corn, pineapple, tobacco, turkey
- <----grapes, bananas, citrus fruits, honey bees
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joint-stock companies
-split the cost & profit of financing a colony
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mercantilism
- -a colonial power takes or buys a natural resource from their colonies
- -they turn those resources into finished goods
- -then sell them back to the colonies for profit
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portugals economics
-became very wealthy off spice trade
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why the europians went exploring
- -wealth
- -spice trade with middle east/indies
- -went looking for gold in the new world-christianity
- -wanted to spread christianity, spec. catholicism
- -missionarie
- -empires
- -land=power & prestige
- -technology
- -caravel
- -sexton and compass
- -renaissance spirit
- -exploring showed potention of ppl
- -new idea of living for today they wanted to explore & be adventorous
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why portugal led the way in exploration
-prince henry gave gov. support to portugese exploration, wanted to get rich off spice trade
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