MedCh. 12

lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils

air sac in the lung

tip or uppermost portion of the lung

lower portion of the lung; foundation

smallest branches of teh bronchi; terminal ones lead to alveolar ducts

branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the lung

gas produced by body cells when oxygen and food combine; exhaled through the lungs

thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract; clear bacteriea and foreign substances from the lung

muscle separating the chest and abdomen; contracts and relaxes to make breathing possible

lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing

breathing out (exhalation)

slit-like opening to the larynx

midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs

breathing in (inhalation)

voice box; containing the vocal cords

division of a lung

region between the lungs in the chest cavity; contains the trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes

openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavitites

gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells

one of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx

one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose

outer fold of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall

throat; including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

double-folded membrane surrounding each lung

space between the folds of the pleura

essentai parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli

process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing

windpipe

inner fold of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue

adenoid/o

alveol/o

bronch/o, bronchi/o

bronchiol/o

capn/o

coni/o

cyan/o

epiglott/o

laryng/o

lob/o

mediastin/o

nas/o

orth/o

ox/o

pector/o

pharyng/o

phon/o

phren/o

pleur/o

pneum/o, pneumon/o

pulmon/o

rhin/o

sinus/o

spir/o

tel/o

thorac/o

tonsill/o

trache/o

-ema

-osmia

-pnea

-ptysis

-sphyxia

-thorax

listening to sounds within the body

tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure

scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other

fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli

loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum

material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting

strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx

continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing

acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, and stridor

acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium

epistaxis

whooping cough; highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by Bordetella pertussis

chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus producation

chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection

inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time; type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally

collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi

abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis

acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction

large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs

fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung

formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs

chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs

infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; lungs usually are involved, but any organ in the body may be affected

rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura; caused by asbestos exposure

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity)

inflammation of the pleura

collection air in the pleural space

coal dust accumulation in the lungs

asbestos particles accumulate in the lungs

rod-shaped bacteria (cause of tuberculosis)

chronic condition of persistent obstruction of air flow through bronchial tubes and lungs

failure of the right side of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the lungs because of underlying lung disease

fluid, cells, and other substances (pus) that filter from cells or capillaries ooze into lesions or areas of inflammation

collection of fluid in the pleural cavity

collection of fluid or other material within the lung, as seen on a chest flim, CT scan, or other radiologic image

relieving symptoms, but not curing the disease

pertaining to a sudden occurrence, such as a spasm or seizure

area of necrosis; death of lung tissue

containig pus

disease due to silica or glass dust in the lungs; occurs in mining occupations

radiographic image of the thoracic cavity (chest film)

computer-generated series of x-ray images show thoracic structures in cross section and other planes

magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral, and cross-sectional (axial) planes

radioactive glucose is injected and images reveal metabolic activity in the lungs

detection device records radioactivity in the lung after injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of small amount of radioactive gas (xenon)

fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes

placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway

visual examination of the voice box

removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic examination

endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum

tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs (airway function, lung volume, and capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently)

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space

large surgical incision of the chest

visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck

determines past or present tuberculous infection based on a positive skin reaction

chest tube is passed through an opening in the chest to continuously drain a pleural effusion