-
every 33 feet is another
atm
-
Medullary contol
Basic respritory rhythm
dorsal and ventral
-
Co2 produced normally, diffuse from tissues into the plasma, turns into bicarbonate, when back at lungs the bicarb ions will switch back to co2,
-
Co2 dissolved in plasma throughout body, Oxygen as well
-
-
-
Factors that effect curve
-
Oxyhb dissoc curve shows
how at various pressures the 02 is loaded and unloaded
-
Hb+O2 is hemogloblin
once all Hb is bound o2 binds. Hb is now saturated22% unloaded onto tissues
-
-
with poor ventilation muscle would contract. and srunch up
-
Perfusion
Blood flow in pulm caps
-
Ventilation
amount of gas reaching alveoli
-
dperfusion coupling will be dif in avoli beds
-
dif presures of gas will be dif in each
avoli
-
int resp
starts in 104
then goes to 45
-
ext pressures -
40
104
45
40
starts and ends in 40 in external
-
gas exchange will always be
downhill
-
CO2 during
expiration, leaves the body
-
02 to blood during
inspiration
-
Henrys law.
Solubility of the gas = pressure of the liquid
-
Henry's Law
Mix of gases in contact with liquid will dissolve the liquid in proportion to its partial pressure
-
Daltons Law
Partial pressure, sum of each of the % pressure
-
Gas exchange
the funtional aspect
-
Inspiratory reserve volume
amount that can be inspired beyond tidal
-
Boyles =
Pressure and volume inversely
-
Spirometer
allows for functional anaylsis of volumes to determine functionality of lungs
-
the dif types of volumes can tell lungs function
-
residual volume
air remaining in lungs after any type of breathing
-
Expratory reserve volume
the amount of air that can be exhaled during tidal respritory
-
Inspiratory reserve volume
amound that can be inspired beyond tidal
-
Tidal Volume
normal resting breathing. 500ml of air
-
Type 2 cells
descretes surficant. this breaks apart the surface tension, water mol
-
Expiration
Passive, atm is greater inside than outside
-
inpiration (inhaling)
active, pressure is greater outside than inside
-
When pressure is high, the lungs are smaller than normal and the diaphram is relaxed. the volume of the lungs is small and releases the air. this process is passive. Pressure is greater inside than out.
The atm pressure is less than the interpulmonary pressure. this is exhalation
-
Lungs want to be small. The aveoli surface tension causes lungs to draw the avoli in together. Pressure is the key to the lungs, when the pressure is high the volume of the lungs is small. (smaller higher pressure) When the pressure is low the volume of the lungs is high. The diaphram is contracting when it expands and becomes flat. this increases the volume potential the pressue goes down the lungs fill up with air. The air goes down the trachea, pharx, bronchials, to the avoli then the O2 goes from the avoli to the cap heads. CO2 is from the cap heads back to the Avoili. When The pressure is down it is lower than the atmospheric pressure. Air flows down into the lungs.
this is active. atp requires energy
-
Intapulmonary pressue
pressure inside of the lungs
-
Air pressure is Lower outside of the body when lungs are expanding allowing the lungs to fill up
-
Positive pressure
Higher than 1hh
-
Negative pressure is
-4 mm hg. Lower than atm
-
-
Mechanics of breath is based on pressure
atmospheric pressue internal pressue
-
CO2, cap to the avoli
Exhale
-
avoli to the cap O2
inhale
-
CO2 goes from the
Cap heads to the avoli
-
Air goes from the
Avoli to the capillaries (cap heads)
-
aviolie is surrounded by cypillaries single layer cells
-
Pharynx = throat provides a ridged structure
Larynx+ prevents food from entering
Trachea = wind pipe
to the broncia tree
then ends up in the avoli
-
Surficant
reduces surface tension on the alveolus
-
Type 2 Cells
scattered among type 1 cells. These cells secrete Surficant
-
Type one cells
these have been fused with capillary cells. 1 cell layer thick, all over the cell
-
Respritory membrane has 2 types of cells
-
Alveoli are
engoraged membranous sacs that allow for gas exchange. Gases can diffuse in either direction
-
Alveoli
Small cells on the end of the respritory bronchioles. these allow for action to preform. based on the cell thickness and the types of cell
-
Secondary and tertiary bronchi to terminal bronchiles to respritory bronchi to alveoli
Main channel principle. Highway into neighbor hood
-
Cilia
Expells dust outward toward the pharynx
-
Trachea
Extends from the larynx to the lung tissue, provides air to the lungs.
Lined in smooth muscle. Also with cilia.
-
Trachea
Allows for one direction of air flow
C shape carlilages allow for rigidity
-
Pharynx
muscle and cartliage to connect passageways
-
Paranal Sinuses
spaces in the skull.
- Makes skull lighter
- warms and moistens air
-
Nose - The place where air enters.
- Warms and filters air. Cilia filters air.
- Houses Olfactory receptors
-
Conducting zone
The other passage ways that gas exchange does not occure in.
-
Respritory zone
site of gas exchange, (respritory bronchioles, alveolar ducts & alveoli)
-
Internal respiration
Gas exchange in systemic system and tissue cells
-
External respiration
gas exchange between blood and air in lungs
-
Pulmonary Ventilation
air change in the lungs
-
Respiratory system function
Supply body with oxygen and dispose of CO2
|
|
