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Emotion Regulation
- Individual differences in intensity, frequency, and duration of emotions
- Balance of emotions by individual
- Essential to socialization
- Processes involved in modifying emotional reactions --> The coping processes that lessen or augment the intensity of experiences
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Supression
NOT successful in regulating emotions
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Keys to Regulating Emotion
- Shifting attention and reappraisals
- Often accomplished by concentrating on what one is doing
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The Strange Situation Test (Ainsworth 1978)
Infants' emotional reactions to brief seperation from and reunions with their caregivers
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Styles of Attatchment
- Securely Attached
- Ambivantly Attached
- Avoidantly Attached
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Securely Attatched (Styles of Attatchment)
Distressed when caregivers leave
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Ambivantly Attached (Styles of Attatchment)
Wants to be near caregiver upon their return, but will not be comforted
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Avoidantly Attached (Styles of Attatchment)
Makes no effort to interact with caregivers
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Main & Solomo 1986 (Extra Style of Attatchment)
- Disoriented/Disorganized Style
- Infants respond with disorientation and contradictory behaviors
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Internal Working Models of Attachment
- A mental model, or set of beliefs, of what to expect in an intimate relationship
- Based on early emotional interactions with caregivers
- For the basis of a persisting emotional basis
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The Influenes of Childhood Experiences on Future Parenting
- 75% of secure/autonomous women had securly attached 1 year olds
- 73% of preoccupied or dismissing women had insecurely attached 1 year olds
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Warmth and Socialization of Emotion
Parental warmth and affection influence childhood friendships, social skills, and many other aspects of children's later emotional well-being
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Effect of Modeling (Warmth and Socialization of Emotion)
- A parent acts as a model for children who are then more likely to perform the same kinds of behavior
- Very important in passing on messages about what emotions to display, and how
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Emotion Contagion
The way that children can produce the same emotions as people they observe
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Effects of Temperament on Adult Personality
- Studied kids at 8, ill-tempered or shy, and followed up 30 years later
- More than likely still the same as adults
- Girls who were shy as kids were shy asa adults, but not nearly as drastic as boys
- Temperament is inherited
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Big 5
- O peness
- C
onscientiousness- E
xtrovetedness- A
greeableness- N
eurtoicism
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Differnces in Temperament/Personality Affect How We Construe the World
- Extraverts engage in full social love situations because they see social situations as fun and rewarding
- Introverts see the same situation in terms of threat and awkwardness
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