This term refers to a practice of acculturation that seeks to merge small ethnic and linguistically diverse communities into a single dominant national culture
Americanization
This is a personal preference that prevents one from making a fair judgement
bias
this is differential treatment based on unfair categorization. It is denial of justice prompted by prejudice. When we act on our prejudices, we engage in discrimination. Discrimination often involves keeping people out of activities or places because of the group to which they belong
Discrimination
This is an entity that is distinguished by commonalities--including shared beliefs, common origins, and shared activities--but which is also part of a multicultural or diverse society
Ethnic Group
This refers to how members of a group perceive themsleves and how they are in turn perceived by others.
Ethnicity
describes a group of people within a larger society that is socially distinguished or set apart by others and or by itself, primarily on the basis of racial and or cultural characteristics. Such characteristics may include religion, language, and tradition. Beliefs about own group tend to be similar to and more postitice than the beliefs of those outside the group
Ethnic
One's nationality is not necessarily tied to one's culture, ethnicity, or race. simply refers to the country where a person was born
Nationality
Although this term should simply be used to describe a subset within a population, it often connotes inferior or lesser status in comparison to the majoirty. Often is a sociological term referring to a social group that occupies a subordinate position in a society.
Minority
This is a set of rigid and unfavorable attitudes toward a particular group which is formed in disregard of facts. Usually an unsupported judgment accompanied by disapproval. This is a learned concept, not innate.
Prejudice
This is an anthropological concept used to divide humankind into categories based on physical characteristics of size and shape of the head, eyes, ears, lips, and nose and the color of skin and eyes. Never scientifically been equated with any mental characteristics such as intelligence, personality, or character
Race
This is the belief that one's own race is superior to another. This belief is based on the erroneous assumption that physical attributes of a racial group determien their social behavior as well as their psychological and intellectual racteristics
Racism
This refers to the deliberate policy of blaming an individual or group when the fault actually lies elsewhere. It means blaming another group or individual for things they did not really do. these people become objects of our aggressioon in work and deed. Prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory acts often lead to this. Members of disliked groups are denied employment, housing, political rights, or social privileges. Can lead to verbal and physical violence, including death.
Scapegoating
This is a preconceived or oversimplified generalization involving beliefs about a particular group. Negative generalization involving beliefs about a particular group. Frequently the foundation of prejudice. The danger is that it ignores people as individuals and instead categorizes them as members of a group who all think and behave the same way. We may pickthem up from what we hear, read and other's beliefs. As a group becomes more distinctive in character a consensus develops regarding this
Stereotyping
This is an entity distinguished by commanlities. Has now been replaced by the tern ethnic group which is used as an expression of diversity both witin and across modern nation state boundaries
tribe
T/F Americanization and melting pot refer to the same phenomenon
true
T/F Ethnicity is primarily a product of perception
true
T/F Ethnicity and Language are not related
false
T/F The genetic difference between two French women is greater than the difference between a French woman and a Spanish woman
True
T/F Human Races are constantly changing and evolving
True
T/F There are only five genetically pure races in the world today
False
T/F There are as many as 2,000 completely distinct races
True
T/F Humans have always divided themselves into racial categories
False
T/F The concepts of race and culture are inseperable
False
T/F The gene that governs racial differences has been isolated by scientists
False
We use racial categories to describe an individual's
body build
A person's ethnicity has to do with his or her
culture
A personal preference that prevents one from making a fair judgment is called a:
Bias
The policy of blaming a person or group when the fault lies elsewhere is:
scapegoating
According to the Census Bureau one's race is determined according to:
personal preference
The concept of a "minority" is derived from
sociology
The concept of race is derived from
anthropology
This refers to a person who exhibits msculine and feminine qualities, appearances, or behaviors
Androgynous
This is a belief that one gender is superior to the other
Chauvinism
This is a broad topic which focses on the role occupied by males, females, and intersexed persons
Gender
This is a movement designed to eliminate gender bias and stereotyping in education, sports, and the workplace. it is the set of actions, attitudes, and assumptions that provide opportunities and create expectations about individuals, regardless or gender
Gender equity
This refers to a (1) real or perveived incongruity between a person's recorded birth sex and that person's present anaatomy, physiology, behavior, manner of dress, or manner of presentation and/or (2) being born of a variant biological sex that does not conform to usual binary male or female biology
Gender Variance
Sometimes called hermaphrodites, these are individuals whose chromosomal characteristics and or anatomy are neither fully male nor female.
Intersexed
This is a biological and anatomical classification, relating to specific organs of reproduction
Sex
This refers to discrimination against a particular gender
Sexism
This includes, but is not limited to name calling, innuendo, insults, obscene gestures, gender bashing jokes, physical threats, and actual physical violence
Sexual Harassment
This refers to people whose appearance and behavior do not conform to the cultural norm for the gender into which they were born
Transgendered
This refers to a person who was born on sex but emotionally and psychologically identifies with another sex
Transsexual
T/F The two genders are male and female
False
T/F All people suffer from gender stereotypes
True
T/F Men as well as women are victims of gender inequality
True
T/F One's gender is not necessarily related to one's sexual organs
True
T/F Cauvinism refers to beliefs while sexism refers to actions
True
T/F A person born with atypcial karyotypes is called androgynous
False
T/F a person born with atypical karyotypes is called transexual
False
Which of the following issues is a concern of the men's movement?
Child custody rights
Suicide prevention
Homelessness
all of these
All
The belief that one gender is superior to another is called
Chauvinism
Gender identity is formed by
parents, peers and society
This is a term which describes a person born as one sex but who emotionally and psychologically identifies with another sex
Transsexual
a person who has no sexual feelings for either men or women
asexual
this is a lable used to describe sexual activities between people of the same and different genders
bisexual
this is a choice not to participate in sexual activity. Some people practice it to avoid sexually transmitted diseases. Others practice until they find a life parter. Affects one's sexual activity not one's sexual identity
Celibacy
This refers to the process of accepting one's own sexual orientation and telling others about it. This process is often difficult because it involves both personal and social consequences
Coming Out
This refers to discrimination based upon the assumption that heterosexuality is the only viable or acceptable orientation
Heterosexism
This is a lable used to describe sexual activities between people of different genders
Heterosexual
This is a dislike or distrust stemming from feelings about a person's sexual orientation or lifestyle
Homophobia
This is a label used to describe suxal activities between people of the same gender
Homosexual
This is an inner sense of oneself as a sexual being, including how one identifies in terms of gender and sexual orientation
Sexual Identity
This is an outdated term because sexual orientation is no longer commonly considered to be one's conscious individual preference or choice, but is instead thought to be formed by a complicated network of social cultural biological economic and political factors
sexual perferance
This refers to the gerneral way a person identifies his or her own sexual identity, based upon feelings of attraction toward other people and how one acts upone those attractions
sexual orientation
T/F Scientists agree that people are born either heterosexual or homosexual
False
T/F A person's sexual orientation may change over the course of his or her life
True
T/F Gay men and women may be married to opposite sex partners and have children
True
T/F women who drive trucks or work for the military are likely to be lesbians
False
T/F Any literature having to do with sexuality is pornography
False
T/F The way a person dresses, talks, and behaves can reveal his or her sexual orientation
False
T/F Some sexual orientations are more "normal" than others
False
T/F SExual activity and SExual orientation mean the same thing
False
Which occupation could be typical of a gay man? Truck driver, interior decorator, athelete
all of the above
This term is not related to sexual orientation but rather with physiology
transexualism
Pedophiles are males and females who are: homosexual, heterosexual, bisexual
none of the above
Transvestites wear clothing of the other gender and are predominantly
Heterosexual
has to do with faith and trust in the truth. It often refers to faith in the existence of something abstract or intangible
belief
besides being a building for worship it can be a major divisio nof an organized body of believers.- used almost exclusively by people of the Christian religion
Church
This is an earnest and profound belief in something such as religious doctrines
conviction
an accepted system of religious belief.
creed
a particular religious group devoted to a particular ideal or leader. usually considered to be unorthodox rligions and are itdentified by their special ceremones and symbols.
cult
a sort of micro culture. A religious subgroup with its own special policies and doctrines
denomination
a particular principle taught by a religion
doctrine
a set of firmly established doctrines authoritatively put forth by a particular group
dogma
a belief in God or the teachings of a particular religion. Also used to mean a system of religous beliefs
faith
this group stictlyadheres to generally approved beliefs and customrs
orthodox
this refers to the act of oppressing, injuring, subjugating, and/or exterminating someone for adhering to a particular religious faith
persecution
a basic law or rule at the foundation of a belief system
principle
an institutionalized set of beliefs and practices, often of a moral nature
religion
a religious denomination. often connotes a faction which has deviated from the accepted religious tradition, united under a doctrinal leader
Sect
a doctrine that a person or religion holds as true
tenet
T/F all faiths share the same underlying religious impulse
True
T/F in order to understand another fiath you much believe its doctrines
False
T/F The Talmud collects the wisdom of Hinduism
False
T/F Judaisim, Christianity, and Islam all worship the same God.
True
T/F Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all acknowldge the same prophets
False
T/F Shinto is the dominant religion of Taiwan
False
T/F There is no such thing as a Confucian church
True
T/F an atheist is a skeptic
False
T/F New Religions are concerned primarily with social order
True
T/F Witchcraft is an ancient religion
True
A prophet is a? Teacher, visionary, or messenger
All
Tribal societies in Australia are typically
animist
Reincarnation is a belief of (3)
Sikhism, Buddhism, and Hinduism
Sikhism grew out of
Islam and Hinduism
Taoism teaches people to be
peaceful
All religions
answer human questions
Which religion did not originate in the Middle East?
Jainism
How do you minimize difference yet celebrate distinctions?
Understanding and Knowledge
T/F Gender is more complex than the description of genetailia
True
sexist attitudes carried to violent extremes
Rape and Assault
seeks to put more women in policy making decisions in governemnt positions, business, relgion, and education
Gender Movement
equality of rights under law shall not be denied or abridged by the U.S. or by any state on account of sex - entire thing has not been ratified
Equal rights Amendment
seeks to give working parents the right to take time off from work to care for their childrent
Parental Leave legislation
can reinforce gender role sterotypes
Play
Lack of another person to participate with or participate because of someone else's drice
Interpersonal Constraints
Individual preference for an activity skill, can effect decision to participate
Intrapersonal Constraints
Factors intervene to infludence participation- time, money, transportation
Structural Constraints
anti-homosexual laws treat gay men and lesbians as criminals who said this
cohen
U.S. Supreme court- states may criminalize sexual activity between consenting adults
Bowers vs Hardwick
when the perpetrator of a crime intentionally selects a victim because of who the victim is
Hate Crime
Founder Rig-Veda(Holy Scriptures) 4000 BC Belief: God sustains universe, Karma, Reincarnation, Eternal web of the Universe
Hinduism
Mostly in Inda founded by Mahavara Beliefs: Karma, no meat, seek maksha(salvation) through self discipline, knowledge, fiath and right conduct
Hindy Janism
primarily in Eastern Asia- founder was Buddah(Prince) Belief desires trap us in the wheel of life (a cycle of rebirths) Nirvana is a state of complete peace and bliss in which one is free from the inability to fulfill desire - physical discipline, meditation, and universal brotherhood
Buddhism
Global/ North America Founded by the Prophet Abraham, Moses, Elijah, and Isaiah Beliefs- Permanent covenant with God and his chosen people allows heaven to come to earth- Talmud and Torah, Rabbi, Synagog- foundation for judeo christian and islamic tradition
Judaism
Global Founder: Jesus roots in judaism Belief that Jesus is the Messiah- death and resurrection forgo original sin- Bible is the inspired word of God
Christianity
global, founder Muhammad (prohet-Quran) Belief- Only one God- Muhammad is his prophet Islam means submission to the will of God- Pray 5 times per day- avoid pork and alcohol- give to poor and make milgrimage to Mecca
Islam
tribal societies of Africa, Australia, North and South America- founder vaires Belief that God is present everywhere - including natural objects- all creation can be used for good or bad Shaman are priests, prophets, and medicine people
Animism
Asia and China Founder Confucious Belief in moral perfection- world harmondy through loyalty, respect, integrity, piety, righteousness, wisdom, benevolence, couragae- not a religion, Goodness is nature comes from heaven
Confucianism
national religion of Japan- no founder- means way of Gods- honors many Gods, natural forces, ancestors, former emperors and national heros- over 100,000 shrines in Japan- promotes national loyalty
Shinto
India- Founder Nanak developed with coming of Islam Beliefs feature islam and hinduism- equality of humankind, salvation through bhakti(decotion) Worship Hari Reincarnation- Granth sacred book- wish to break cycle of rebirth and merge with god
sikhism
China- founder- Lao Tse(philosopher) Tao is the way peaceful, inactive ,quiet, Tao Te Ching(book of the way)
Taoism
combines taoism, buddhism, and confucianism
chinese folk religion
denial of knowledge about wheter or not there is a God- open to possibility God exists but no proof