week 9

  1. grass w/ sharp edges
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    • Arundinaria gigantea (very large plant height)
    • Poaceae; river cane
    • Fruit: caryopsis
    • formerly used for arrow shafts, blow guns, baskets, roofing, siding
    • livestock forage
  2. flattened scale foliage
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    • xCupressocyparis leylandii (named for Leyland)
    • Cupressaceae; Leyland cypress
    • hybrid from England
    • Cone: peltate scales
    • x before genus = intergeneric hybrid
    • landscaping/screening
    • tolerant to salt spray
    • fast growing, but subject to wind throw and bag worms
  3. long spiny leaf tip, often spines on sides too
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    • Ilex opaca (opaque leaves)
    • Aquifoliaceae; American holly
    • Fruit: drupe (red)
    • dioecious
    • song birds
    • dense wood, white in color
    • furniture inlays, landscaping
  4. dark ridged bark w/ purple hue(?)
    large pinnately compound leaf 11-115 leaflets
    stripped rachis may hang around on ground in fall/winter
    leaf scar=monkey face
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    • Juglans nigra (black)
    • Juglandaceae; black walnut
    • *Fruit: nut
    • chocolate brown heartwood
    • gunstocks, furn, electronic equip. cabinets, knick-knacks
    • prices have dropped recently as consumers demand lighter-colored wood.
    • Highest quality wood produced in lower Ohio River Valley
    • humans eat nuts
  5. small understory tree
    bark finely ridged/shaggy
    leaf alt. simple, doubly serrate, slightly pubescent on top (unlike smooth Carpinus)
    leaf veins sometimes branched
    nutlet bracts form sac around nutlet
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    • Ostrya virginiana (of VA)
    • Betulaceae; ironwood
    • *Fruit: nutlet
    • wood very dense
    • splitting wedges, prybars
  6. hollow petiole base
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    • Platanus occidentalis (western)
    • Platanaceae (Sycamore family); sycamore
    • *Fruit: achene
    • formerly planted for pulpwood
    • some people allergic to leaf hairs
  7. herbaceous, evergreen, small lobe on leaf base
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    • Polystichum acrostichoides (similar to Acrostichum - another fern)
    • Aspideaceae; Christmas fern
    • reproduces by spores
    • ruffed grouse eat in winter
  8. leaves alt, simple, entire, shiny
    thorns
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    • Pyrus calleryana
    • Rosaceae; Callery pear
    • Fruit: pome
    • native to Korea, China
    • introduced to research fire blight resistance in fruit pears
    • wild parent of Bradford pear
    • becoming invasive in old pastures
  9. wettest site oak
    wide open sinuses near leaf base
    acorn cap nearly covers nut
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    • Quercus lyrata (lyre-shaped)
    • Fagaceae; overcup oak
    • *Fruit: nut (germinate in SPRING!)
    • low commercial value
    • wood difficult to dry
    • many trees have ring shake (where growth rings separate)
    • acorns germinate in SPRING
  10. leaves obovate (spatulate)
    red oak, but no bristles on adult leaves
    ski trails
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    • Quercus nigra (black)
    • Fagaceae; water oak
    • formerly planted for pulpwood production (pulp now from brazil)
    • landcaping
  11. tall, excurrent.
    leaves linear, parallel w/ bristle tip
    deciduous
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    • Quercus phellos (Greek for cork oak)
    • Fagaceae; willow oak
    • *Fruit: nut
    • landscaping
    • use same as water oak
  12. very water tolerant
    scaly bark/deeply furrowed
    bark layered (tan-white-tan...)
    leaves doubly serrate, oblique base
    smooth adults, scabrous juveniles
    samara pubescent
    red/brown bud and twig
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    • Ulmus americana(of America)
    • Ulmaceae; American elm
    • *fruit: samara
    • fruit mature in spring
    • steam bent furn and wagon wheels
    • best staves for slack cooperage
    • Dutch elm disease
  13. spaghetti bark w/ age
    alt. doubly serrate leaves - very scabrous
    light gray/tan twig w/ black buds
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    • Ulmus rubra (red)
    • red elm
    • *Fruit: samara (not hairy)
    • mucilaginous phloem (inner bark)
    • fruit matures in spring
    • Dutch Elm Disease
  14. shrub
    leaves opp, serrate, tiny stipules at base
    soft white fuzzy underside
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    • Viburnum rafinesquianum (named for french botanist)
    • Adoxaceae; downy arrowwood
    • fruit: drupe (black)
    • twigs used for arrows
    • wildlife eat fruit in winter
  15. Southwest pine
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    • Pinus edulis (edible i.e. seeds)
    • Pinaceae; pinyon
    • *Cone: flat scale
    • common tree of Woodland Zone in SW
    • large seeds eaten by songbirds, humans
    • "pine nuts"
  16. possibly most wide-ranging tree
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    • Populus tremuloides (similar to another aspen)
    • Salicaceae; quaking aspen
    • fruit: capsule
    • regenerates from root sprouts
    • browsed by deer, moose, cattle, sheep
    • beavers eat phloem
    • wood used for paper and match sticks
Author
johnbuckthree
ID
48179
Card Set
week 9
Description
more bottomland species
Updated