one of the functions of primary teeth is to serve as place holders for______________.
succadaneous, or permanent teeth
spaces between primary teeth that leave room for the jaw to grow, are known as
primate spaces
what are 2 areas where primate spaces are usually found?
between the maxillary lateral incisor, and canine
between the mandibular canine and 1st primary molar
true or false. It is very important to let the childs caregiver know about the importance of primary teeth, because they may not know themselves
true
What might occur if a child loses their primary teeth too early? What is done in this case?
mesial drift of other teeth, making it so that permanent or secondary teeth don't have room to erupt
space maintainers are used
young children have ground down black teeth, usually seen in other cultures. This may be a result of?
baby bottle mouth
When should you first take your child to the dentist? What is a big reason why?
before they are 12 months old
to get them used to coming to the dentist
Why are primary teeth more susceptible to decay than secondary teeth?
because they have thinner enamel and dentin
true or false. Primary teeth have a larger pulp chamber than secondary teeth, thus creating a higher risk for pulpal exposure
true
In the primary dentition, what are 2 places that early aggressive periodontitis may occur?
lower anterior incisors
mandibular 1st molars
bone loss around lower anterior incisors and mandibular 1st molars, and severe gingivitis in primary dentition might indicate what?
early aggressive periodontitis
How many phases of arch development are there?
5 phases
This phase occurs when the permanent first molars erupt
phase 1 of arch development
Which teeth, and during which phase, add dramatically to the chewing efficiency and jaw development during a period of rapid growth of a child?
permanent first molars
phase 1 of arch development
during which phase of arch development is the jaw growing the most?
phase 1
Which teeth, and during which phase, help support the jaws while the primary anterior teeth are being shed and the other permanent teeth are erupting?
permanent first molars
phase 1 of arch development
true or false. During phase 1 of arch development, primate spaces remain to allow for future space for permanent teeth.
true
Which phase of arch development occurs with the eruption of the permanent anterior teeth near the midline of the oral cavity, which is usually the the centrals first, than the laterals.
phase 2
The permanent anterior teeth near the midline of the oral cavity generally erupt lingual to the primary anterior roots, so when do they establish their final location?
it is not fully established until the primary teeth are lost and the arch is fully developed
What phase of arch development begins when the premolars erupt?
phase 3
difference in the size mesially to distally between primary molars and permanent premolars; space allows for future former movement of the molars
leeway space
required to preserve this space if permanent 2nd molars erupt prior to premolars or if a primary molar is lost prematurely
space maintainer
Which phase begins when the canines wedge themselves between the lateral incisors and the first premolars?
phase 4
During which phase are the contact relations between the teeth established, and the arch is complete from the first molar forward?
phase 4
2nd molars are erupting and_____________1st molars during the_____________ process.
support
wedging
What is the final phase of arch development that consists of eruption of the 3rd molars?
phase 5
which phase of arch development never occurs in some people?
phase 5
___________of the teeth contribute to the maintenance of the teeth within the dental arch
curvatures
The maxillary arch is__________________occlusally, and the mandibular arch is_____________.
convex
concave
the anterposterior curvature (concave curve) that is produced by the curved alignment of all the teeth (especially evident when viewing the posterior teeth from the buccal side)
curve of spee
curve that results when a frontal section is taken through each set of both maxillary and mandibular molars, the firsts, seconds, then thirds (concave curve on mandible, and convex on maxilla)
curve of wilson
Why do the curve of spee and curve of wilson tend to be lost with age?
it is a result of attrition
Angulations of each tooth's root or roots within the alveolar bone are noted when a tooth is bisected by its what?
Root axis line
The angulation of each tooth's root, or roots allows for proper what?
proper spacing between the roots for blood and nerve supply and for securing anchorage of the roots in the jaw bones
What are 5 curvature functions?
preventing dental disease
dispersing occlusal trauma
protecting gingiva
life expectancy
species perpetuation
How does the curvature of a tooth help prevent dental disease?
it acts as a spill way and makes it easier for food to slide off the tooth
true or false. Curvature of teeth can disperse occlusal trauma, if they don't disperse it correctly it can lead to loose teeth.
true
How does curvature of teeth protect the gingiva?
the shape deflects food
The longer you have your teeth, the longer______________________.
life expectancy you will have
prevents food impaction
proximal contact areas
prevents bacteria and debris build up
proximal contact areas
anchors teeth
proximal contact areas
resists traumatic forces
proximal contact areas
preserves bone support
proximal contact areas
area where we floss
proximal contact areas
The area where cusps contact cusps of teeth on the opposite arch (occlusal surfaces)
contact points
Which teeth have interproximal contacts at the incisal third?
anterior teeth
which teeth have interproximal contacts at the middle third, or more cervical?
posterior teeth
Where is the distal interproximal contact of the maxillary canine?
at the center of the middle third
The triangular shaped spaces between teeth, where the interdental papilla are
interproximal spaces
The space between roots of individual teeth, where the supporting bone is
interdental spaces
What is it called when gum tissue in the interproximal space (the interdental papilla) is missing?
gingival or cervical embrasures
spaces between the teeth that are occlusal to the contact areas (above where the col is)
dental embrasures
How are dental embrasures named?
for location relative to the contact area (buccal, lingual, etc)
Name 4 purposes of embrasures
prevent food impaction
dissipate occlusal forces
self cleansing
stimulates gums (saliva)
What characteristic of the teeth keep the gingiva of the tongue, lips, and cheeks stimulated?
the facial and lingual contours of the teeth
What is another name for height of contour?
crest of curvature
contact areas help______________the teeth
support
the curvature of the CEJ/cervicle line is more curved, or higher on the______________
mesial
What is one purpose of the curvature of the CEJ or cervical line?
helps attach the teeth to the bone and gives anterior teeth more support
which teeth have a higher CEJ curvature? Anterior or Posterior?
Anterior - especially maxillary
What is a self-cleaning tendency of enamel?
it is smooth and slick
what is a self cleansing tendency of the crown shape?
it can deflect food to gingiva because of its shape and curvature
describe the tooth shapes of the following teeth that help it have self cleansing tendencies:
incisors
canines
premolars
shovel (on the lingual surface)
spear shaped (it can pierce and hold food)
food is deflected to the occlusal surface by 1 cusp and chewed up by the other
true or false. The tongue and cheek and pits and fissures act as self cleansing tendencies for the teeth as well
true
How are contours in the teeth protective to the periodontium?
they deflect food and prevent food impaction, and promote gingival stimulation
Which is better in restorations, and undercontoured tooth, or overcontoured tooth?
