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disease process resulting from excessive secretion of somatotropin, causes progressive enlargement of peripheral body parts, commonly face, hands and feet
acromegaly
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chronic adrenocorticoid insufficiency secondary to destruction of adrenal glands
addison's disease
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hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary, essential for growth n development
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex; stimulate activity of accessory male sex organs and development of male sex characteristics
androgens
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group of symptoms produced by an excess of free circulating cortisolfrom the adrenal cortex, characterized by trunkal obesity, moon face, acne, abdominal striae, and HTN
Cushing's syndrome
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a form of hyperthyroidism, characterised by diffuse goiter and exophthalmos
Grave's disease
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enlargement of the thyroid gland, usually caused by an iodine-deficient diet
goiter
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thyroiditis characterized by high levels of antimicrosomal antibodies, most common cause of hypothyroidismin the US, AKA chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis
Hashimoto's disease
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steroid of the adrenal cortex influences sodium and potassium
mineralocorticoid
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severe form of hypothyroidism characteized by an accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in subQ and other interstitual tissues, a mask like expression, puffy eye lids, hair loss in the eye brows, thick lips and broad tongue
myxedema
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chromaffin cell tumor, usually benign, located in the adrenal medulla; characterized by secretion of catecholamines resulting in HTN, severe HA, profuse sweating, visual blurring, anxiety and nausea
pheochromocytoma
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excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary glanddespite low sodium osmolality level, occurs with oat cell carcinoma of the lung and other malignant tumors that produce ADH
SIADH
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severe life threatening form of hyperthyroidism precipitated by stress, usually of abrupt onset, characterized by high fever, extreme tachycardia, and altered mental state
thyroid storm
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antidiuretic hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary; causes contraction of smooth muscle, particularly blood vessels
vasopressin
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What is the action of PTU
blocks synthesis of hormones (conversion of T3 & T4)
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What is the action methimazole
blocks synthesis of thyroid hormone
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what is the action sodium iodide
suppresses release of thyroid hormone
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what is the action of potassium iodide
suppresses release of thyroid hormone
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what is the action of SSKI
suppresses release of thyroid hormone
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what is the action of dexamethasone
suppresses release of thyroid hormone
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what are the manifestations for sodium deficit
nausea, malaise, lethargy, HA, abdominal cramps, apprehension, seizures
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what are the manifestations for sodium excess
dry, sticky mucous, membranes, thirst, rough, dry tongue, fever, restlessness, weakness, disorientation
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what are the manifestations for potassium deficit
anorexia, abd distention, paralytic ileus, muscle weakness, ECG changes, dysrhythmias
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what are the manifestations for potassium excess
diarrhea, colic, nausea, irritability, muscle weakness, ECG changes
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what are the manifestations for calcium deficit
abd and muscle cramps, stridor, carpopedal spasm, hyperactive reflexes, tetany, positive chovek's or trousseau's signs, tingling of fingers and around mouth
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what are the manifestations for calcium excess
deep bone pain, flank pain, muscle weakness, depressed tendon reflexes, constipation, nausea, vomiting, confusion impaired memory, polyuria, polydypsia, ECG changes
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cells that lack normal cellular characteristics and differ in shapeand organization w/ respect to their cells of origin; usually, anaplastic cells are malignant
anaplasia
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process of transforming normal cells into malignant cells
carciogenesis
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substances produced by cells of the immune systemto enhance production and functioning of components of the immune system
cytokines
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bizarre cell growth resulting in cells that differ in size, shape or arrangement from cells of the same type of tissue
dysplasia
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an immune response initiated by t lymphocytes of donor tissue against recepient tissue
graft-versus-host disease
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increase in the number of cells of a tissue; most often associated with periods of rapid body growth
hyperplasia
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conversion of one type of mature cell into another type of cell
metaplasia
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lowest point of white blood cell depression after therapy that that has toxic effects on the bone marrow
nadir
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uncontrolled cell growth that follows no physiologic demand
neoplasia
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process of determining the size and spread or metastisis of a tumor
staging
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dry oral cavity resulting from decreased function of salivary glands
xerostomia
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protein of the membrane of cancer cells that distinguish the malignant cells from a benign cell of the same tissue type
tumor specific antigen (TSA)
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type of cancer w/ highest death in the male population
lung and bronchus
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cancer w/ highest death rate in the female population
Lung and bronchus
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type of cancer w/ Leading new cases in the male pop?
prostate
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type of cancer w/ leading new cases in female population
breast
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