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What is the aerobic cellular respiration reaction?
Glucose + Oxygen ---> CO2 + Water + ATP
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What was the name of the instrument that we used in the cellular respiration lab?
What did this instrument measure?
Respirometer apparatus
Changes in gas pressure
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An organisms whose body temperature changes with the outside environment is called a(n) ______.
Its metabolic rate (increases/decreases) as temperature (increases/decreases).
Ectothermic
Increases
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For _____, their metabolism (increases/decreases) so they can maintain their constant internal body temperature.
endotherms; increases
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What is the reaction for photosynthesis?
What type of energy is used in this reaction?
What absorbs that energy?
CO2 + Water ---> Glucose + Oxygen
Chemical
Light
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After carbon dioxide was blown into the test tube, what color was the bromothymol blue solution?
Why did the color change as it did?
Yellow
CO2 was absorbed by the water.
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When referring to photosynthesis, the color changed to ___ because _________________________.
Blue; CO2 left the solution because of the sunlight absorbing it.
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For the spectrum below, which colors of light are most absorbed by this pigment?
Violet
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For the spectrum below:
This is the absorbtion spectrum for which pigment?
Green
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What colors of light will be most effective for photosynthesis?
Gren
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Paper chromatography seperates pigments on the basis of which 3 properties?
- a. molecular weights of pigments
- b. solubility of pigments in a specific solvent
- c. affinity of the pigments for the paper
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Based on molecular weight of pigments, where would heavier pigments be located and how fast would it travel?
It would be located on the bottom and it would move slower.
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Based on solubility of the pigments, where would it be located and how fast would it travel?
It would be located near the top and the more soluble, the faster it is.
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Based on the affinity of pigments, how fast would it move and where would it possibly be located?
Pigments with higher affinity for the paper move more slowly. It'll be spread out on the paper.
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What does PCR allow scientists to do in a relatively short amount of time?
It makes billions of copies of a double stranded DNA.
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What are the steps of the polymerase chain reaction?
- -denaturation (95)
- -annealing (48)
- -elongation (72)
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What happens to the template DNA when it is heated to 95°C?
It is denatured. It opens the two strands of DNA. They are seperated.
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What does the term "anneal" mean?
Temperature at which primers bind to DNA strands.
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What is annealed to each of the DNA strands?
Primers
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What is the third step of PCR? What is the temperature?
Elongation; 72° - external temperature
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What enzyme is used to extend the primers?
TAQ DNA Polymerase
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What technique was used to analyze the PCR products?
agarose gel electrophoresis
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How did you find the guilty party in the cash car caper investigation?
By matching its DNA with the evidence. The bands comigrated.
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The Law of ____________ says that homologous chromosomes end up in different gametes after meiosis.
Segregation
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What is the Law of Segregation?
When homologous chromosomes end up in different gametes after meiosis.
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The ________ generation gives rise to the ___ generation which gives rise to the ___ generation.
Parental; F1, F2
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Pollen is a ________ which means it contains a (haploid/diploid) number of chromosomes compared to the (haploid/diploid) corn plant.
Gamete; haploid; diploid
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Traits in a diploid individual are described by how many alleles?
What are some examples?
At least 2.
Hair color, eye color, blood type
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The Law of ___________ states that ___________________.
- The Law of Independent Assortment states that two copies of one gene are
- seperated into gametes independently of the two copies of other genes.
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What occurs during interphase? Which step is this during mitosis?
The nucleus replicates its DNA. 1st step.
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What occurs during early prophase? What step is this during mitosis?
The chromatin condenses to make highly compacted chromosomes. 2nd step.
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What occurs during late prophase? What step is this during mitosis?
The chromatin condenses into a highly ordered structure called a chromosome in which the chromatin becomes visible. 3rd step.
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What happens during metaphase? What step is this during mitosis?
Condensed chromosomes align in the middle of the cell before being seperated into daughter cells. Step 4.
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What happens during anaphase? What step is this during mitosis?
The chromatids seperate. 5th step.
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What happens during telophase & cytokenesis? What step is this during mitosis?
2 daughter cells are formed. Last step #6.
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How many daughter cells are produced during mitosis?
2
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When are chromosomes replicated?
Metaphase
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During cytokineses plant cells form a ______ while animal cells form a _______.
Cell plate; contractile ring.
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