Chapter 11 terms

a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned though out a species and is unlearned

the idea that a physiological need creats an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need

a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body around a prticular level

a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior

Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active

the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.

the point at which an individuals's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight. (p. 451)

the body's resting rate of energy expenditure (p. 451)

an eating disorder in which a person (usually an adolescent female) diets and becomes significantly (15 percent or more) underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve.

an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, folowed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise. (p.453)

significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without hte compensatory purging, fasting, or execessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa. (p. 453)

the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson-excitement, plateau, organsm, and resolution.

a resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannnot achieve another orgasm.

a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning.

sex hormones, such as estradiol, secreted in greater amounts by females than males and contributing to female sex characteristics. In non-human female mammals, estrogen levels peak during ovulation, promoting sexual receptivity.

the most important of the male sex hormones. both male and females have it, but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty.

an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex (homosexual orientation) or the other sex (heterosexual orientation).

a completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with dimished awarness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of one's skills.

the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.

a subfield of I/O psychology that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal, and development.

a subfield of I/O psychology that examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change.

interview process that asks the same job-relevant questions of all applicants, each of whom is rated on established scales.

a desire for significant accomplishment; for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for rapidly attaining a high standard.

goal-orientated leadership that sets standards, organizes wrok, and focuses attention on goals.

group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support.