med term chapter 8 cardiovascular system

Portion of the nervous system that regulates involuntary actions, such as hear rate, digestion and peristalsis.

Thin, flattened structure; term used to describe the leaf-shaped structures that compose a heart valve.

Tubular space or channel within any organ or structure of the body; space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube.

Backflow or ejecting of contents through an opening

Circular muscle found in a tubular structure or hollow organ that constricts or dilates to regulate passage of substances through its opening.

narrowing of the lume of a blood vessel that limits blod flow, usually as a result of diseases, medications, or physiological processes.

Wideming of the lumen of a blood vessel caused by the relaxing of the muscles of the vascular walls.

State of being sticky or gummy

A solution that has high viscosity is relatively thick and flows slowly.

Widened blood vessel

suture of an aneurysm

-rrhapy: suture

vessel (usually blood or lymph)

Surgical repair of a vessel

-plasty: surgical repair

Angioplasty includes any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels and restores blood flow.

vessel (usually a blood or lymph)

inflammation of (blood) vessels

-itis: inflamation

aorta

narrowing of the aorta

-stenosis: narrowing, stricture

artery

Rupture of an artery

-rrhexis: rupture

arteriole

inflammation of an arteriole

-itis: inflammation

atrium

enlargement of the atrium

- megaly: enlargement

fatty plaque

• tumor of fatty plaque
• -oma: tumar

atheromas are formed when fatty plaque builds up on the inner lining of arterial walls. As calcium and other minerals are absorbed by plaque, the vessel hardens.

heart

enlargement of the heart

-megaly: enlargement

electricity

record of the electrical (impulses) fo the heart

• cardi/o: heart
• -gram: record, recording

An electrocardiogram is commonly used to diagnose abnormalities of the heart.

embolus (plug)

removal of an embolus

-ectomy: excision,removal

An embolectomy is the removal of a clot or other foreing material from a blood vesel. most emboli are blood clots (thrombi) that have been transported from a distant vessel by the blood.

blood vessel

• tumor fo blood vessels
• - oma : tumor
• Infantile hemangiomas are also called birthmarks. They are not considered malignant and usually disappear over time.

muscle

pertaining to heart muscle

• cardi: heart
• -al : pertaining to, relating to

vein

expansion of a vein

ectasis:dilation,expansion

standing still of (blod in a ) vein/also called phlebostasis

-stasis: standing still

hardening;sclera (white of eye)

abnormal condition of hardening of the artery

arteri/o: artery

-osis:abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)

The common cause of arteriosclerosis is the presence of an atheroma in the vessel. other common causes include smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and familial tendency.

septum

forming an opening in septum

-stomy:forming an opening (mouth)

Septostomy is a temporary procedure performed to increase systemic oxygenation in infants with congenital heart corrective surgery can be performed.

pulse

(SFIG-moyd) : resembling a pulse

-oid: resembling

narrowing, stricture

• pertaining to a norrowing or stricture
• -tic: pertaining to

blood clot

destruction fo a blood clot

-lysis: separation;destruction;loosening

In trombolysis, enzymes that destroy blood clots are infused into the occluded vessel.

ventricle (of the heart or brain)

pertaining to a ventricle (chamber of the heart or brain)

-ar: pertaining to

record, writing

record of an artery

arteri/o: artery

An arteriogram is used to visualize almost any artery, including those of the hart, head, kidneys, lungs, and other organs.

Instrument for recording

instrument for recording electrical (activity) of the heart

electr/o: electricity

cardi/o: heart

Process of recording

Process of recording (an image of) a vessel

angi/o: vessel (usually blood or lymph)

Angiography is commonly used to identify atherosclerosis and diagnose heart and peripheral vascular disease.

pulse

without a pulse;also called suffocation

a-:without,not

the term asphyxia usually frefer to a death caused by anoxia

narrowing, stricture

narrowing of the aorta

aort/o: aorta

slow

slow heart (beat)

-cardia: heart condition

bradycardia is usually defined as a heart rate less then 55 beats per minute when resting.

in,within

relating to (the area) within a vessel

vascul: vessel

-ar: pertaining to