education test

extent to which an individual does without resources

family's income < family's threshold

1/6

• background noise
• relationships
• importance of personality
• significance of entertainment

• electives
• advanced courses
• minimun course sequence

• minimum plan = 22 credits
• recommended program/distinguished = 26 credits

• Physical Growth
• Cognitive Stage
• Moral Development
• Self-Concept
• Emotional Traits
• Relationship to Parents and Other Adults

40%

1/3

1/4

limited interpretations of learning

84%

• Core subjects
• 21st century content
• Learning and thinking skills
• ICT literacy
• Life Skills

• Leadership
• Ethics
• Personal responsibility
• People skills
• Self-direction
• Social responsibility

• Rigor
• Meaning
• Relevance
• Relationships

when someone hurts or scares another person repeatedly

Fairness should be rendered and teachers’ rights as individuals should not be violated. Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment

• The opportunity to be heard at a reasonable time and place.
• Timely and adequate notice giving details of the reason for the proposed suspension or dismissal.
• An effective opportunity to defend oneself, including oral presentation of evidence and arguments.
• An opportunity to confront and cross-examine witnesses.
• The right to retain an attorney.

• decides when people can be held liable for personal injury.
• With regard to school districts and community colleges, liability can be imposed ONLY when the injury arises from the NEGLIGENT USE OR OPERATION OF A MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATED BY A SCHOOL OFFICER OR EMPLOYEE WITHIN THE SCOPE OF EMPLOYMENT.

• Connick v. Myers 1983
• Stroman v. Colleton 1992

The Supreme Court ruled that teachers and students retain their First Amendment rights as long as they do not materially and substantially disrupt classes or other school activities.

Administrators can censor school-sponsored expression or restrict teachers’ classroom expression based on legitimate educational concerns.

A teacher can criticize the operation of a school as long as this does not interfere with the normal running of the school.

A teacher’s sexual orientation is not grounds for revocation of licensure, particularly when it in no way affects the performance of professional tasks.

Schools cannot allow student-led prayer at extracurricular events

Bible reading and teacher-led prayer in schools are in violation of the First Amendment; however, private prayer and private Bible reading are protected.

Reading the Bible and reciting the Lord’s Prayer in public schools are in violation of the First and Fourteenth Amendments; however, the Bible may be studied for historical, cultural, or other general educational purposes.

If a public school allows a limited public forum for other extracurricular groups, the Equal Access Act indicates that extracurricular religious groups may meet in public school buildings without violating the Constitution.

Separate facilities do not violate the Fourteenth Amendment so long as the facilities were equal. (legalized segregation)

Segregated facilities are inherently unequal.

Required transitional bilingual education for schoolchildren who do not speak English.

School districts could not deny education to school-age residents whose parents entered the country illegally.

Students have the right to symbolic protest, it that protest does not interfere with the school’s operation.

Because public schools are not public forums, school officials have the right not to publish student articles that may violate the sensibilities of other students.

Schools violate students’ constitutional right to due process if they suspend students without a hearing.

Schools can search students’ lockers and other private items if there is reasonable cause.